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Key words:

special military operation, UAV, model, architecture, countermeasure system

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The implementation of the Deep Strike concept by the armed forces of Ukraine through strikes by unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) against important state facilities has exacerbated the urgency of the problem of their security. Based on the trends in the development of unmanned systems, the main factors influencing the vulnerability of the VGO are analyzed, the threat model is characterized, including the type of intruder, the object of influence, tactics of actions and application scenarios. The tactical and technical characteristics of the main UAV samples of the Armed Forces of Ukraine are systematized, conclusions about their capabilities are drawn. A set of measures for building an effective UAV countermeasure system is proposed.

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explosion on board an aircraft, explosion protection device, shock wave, shock wave front overpressure, field testing

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The article presents the results of an experimental test of aviation explosion protection devices based on a gas-liquid dispersant by detonating explosive charges on board aircraft. It was found that the mobile aviation explosion protection device «Fountain» effectively suppresses the high explosive effect of an explosion on board a narrow-body Il-114 aircraft when detonating TNT charges weighing 0,25 kg and 0,5 kg, as well as when detonating a TNT charge weighing 0,5 kg on board a wide-body Il-96 aircraft. The stationary aviation explosion protection device «Fountain» effectively suppresses the high explosive effect of an explosion on board a wide-body Il-96 aircraft when detonating TNT charges weighing 1,0 kg and 2,0 kg. As a result of an examination of the aircraft structures by specialists after the detonations of TNT charges, it was found that the aircraft retained their airworthiness.

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survivability, differential equations system of Colmogorov, communication node, communication module, structural connectivity, functional connectivity, convex shell, method Monte Carlo

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The paper offers a formal stochastic and simulation model of the conductivity of communication units of control of operational Association in the conditions of destructive effects.The model unites: 1) continuously temporary Markov dynamics of degradation of each technical means (communication module) with the calculation of the probability of destruction by the time T; 2) geometric description of the placement of communication modules within; 3) graph formalization of internal (structural) and external (functional) linkage with limitation of the degree of binding; 4) object live, including quantitative criterion and expansion with a platform criterion based on the square of the convex shell of preserved communication modules.

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frequency-hopping spread spectrum, noise immunity, anisotropic propagation environment, game theory, group radio operation, guaranteed transmission rate

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The paper presents a mathematical model of a radio communication network with group (frequency-hopping spread spectrum) FHSS operating under random and intentional interference. The model accounts for the anisotropic propagation environment and group operation of radio equipment. The interaction between the communication system and the jammer is formalized using antagonistic game theory. Expressions for calculating the guaranteed data transmission rate are derived. It is shown that the optimal jamming strategy has a two-atomic structure. The results provide a basis for developing an optimization methodology for the FHSS algorithm.

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optimization, design solutions, DCS, protective structures, building structures, protection, technical and economic indicators

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This article on optimizing the design and construction solutions (DCS) for protective struc tures (PS) examines the process of achieving the best performance indicators for the in tended purpose of the structure during design. Optimal design should be carried out in ad vance by substantiating the fundamental DCS, which should meet the required properties of the PS while achieving minimal costs for ensuring the required protection. When opti mizing the DCS for PS, conflicts arise between protection and costs, and between costs and the fulfillment of operational, technological, and general construction requirements. These conflicts are resolved by the validity and rationality of design solutions.

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Key words:

automated system, quality indicator, single product, military robotic complex, polymodel complex, innovative project, a priori information, computing resource

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The article develops a conceptual model of the functioning of an automated system for assessing the quality indicators of individual products of military robotic systems, which, unlike existing ones, is based on the formation of a polymodel complex that includes models of design properties, a non-Markovian model of the control system functioning, a control graph of the functioning algorithm, Büchi automata of fragments of the process of functioning of individual products of military robotic systems, which makes it possible to formulate private scientific tasks to ensure a reduction in the risk of failure in the implementation of innovative projects in the context of incomplete a priori information and limitations of computing resources.

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composite bandage, prepreg, pipeline, defect, repair, calculation of design parameters, pneumatic system, hydraulic system

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Increasing the remaining service life of pneumatic and hydraulic pipelines in special purpose equipment is a pressing issue. This article analyzes defects in metal pipes and their permanent connections. A method for repairing pipelines using a composite bandage wrapped around a section of the pipeline with a dangerous defect is discussed. A methodology for determining the design parameters of a composite bandage for repairing pipelines with a dangerous defect is developed. The conditions characterizing the current state of the pipeline that require the installation of a composite bandage are examined. A calculation of the design parameters of a carbon fiber bandage for repairing a defective 09G2S steel pipe using the proposed methodology is presented.

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Key words:

social force model, obstacle flyby, AnyLogic, flyby system, simulation

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The article proposes a model of an obstacle flyby system in the AnyLogic simulation environment, developed to analyze the time of evacuation of calculation numbers (unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) and people) for the preparation and launch of a space rocket from the premises of the launch complex. The model is based on the concept of social forces: the movement of each agent (UAV or person) is determined by the resultant driving force, interaction with other calculation numbers and elements of the environment. The model allows you to estimate the time for the complete release of the room by calculation in an emergency situation. The obtained data make it possible to analyze the level of safety of personnel and equipment, optimize the location of emergency exits at the design stage of new facilities, and also use the development as an element of a decision support system to increase the efficiency of operations.

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protective structure, personal armor, arrow-shaped projectile, test stand, aramid fabric, ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene

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The article presents some methodological foundations for organizing and conducting tests of protective structures of individual body armor for resistance to the impact of arrow shaped damaging elements removed from shrapnel artillery shells. Local problems, the solution of which was required for the successful conduct of tests, are formulated, and some explanations are presented, revealing the essence and place of the solved technical problems in the created test methodology. As protective structures, both individual samples of body armor in general and their fragments made of aramid fabrics and ultra-high molecular-weight polyethylene were presented at the tests.

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Key words:

capacity, multi-channel MSS, incoming flow intensity

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This article describes a model for calculating the throughput of flight safety monitoring systems in near-Earth space under conditions of a sharp increase in space debris, based on network models of queuing systems (QS). A flight safety monitoring information system is represented as a set of interconnected QS. The specifics of modeling throughput depending on the intensity of the incoming flow of objects are considered. Simulation modeling revealed conditions under which the number of processed objects decreases. The proposed model can be used during the design and modernization stages of the automated systems under consideration. Its application will enable a quantitative assessment of the throughput of information systems under conditions of a sharp increase in space debris.

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Key words:

explosion, wave, channel, experiments, turn, trench, angle

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The results of experiments on the propagation of an explosive wave through channels of constant cross-section are presented, which simulated closed-type trenches widely used in the area of a Special military operation. An unambiguous correspondence between the val ue of the angle of rotation of the channel and the degree of attenuation of the blast wave at this turn is demonstrated. A mathematical relation is proposed that makes it possible to es timate the attenuation of the blast wave at the turn of the trench. The use of this mathemat ical relationship will make it possible to more accurately assess the security of garrisons of military fortifications in the event of an explosion inside the enemy’s high-explosive ammunition. The presented results will also be useful for specialists in countering terrorist explosions in extended rooms and channels.

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control systems, special-purpose information systems, distribution of computing and data storage, client-server application information, server load balancing

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This article examines the operational features of specialized information systems at the tactical command level. A control system is designed to organize, coordinate, and control the actions of units during mission execution. It includes command and control units and control points at various levels. Special-purpose information systems are characterized by specific requirements: high traffic density and variability, the need for rapid decision making, and limited computing resources and communication channels. The effectiveness of control systems depends largely on the state of the server complex, its workload, geographic location, and communication channel capacity. Given this, the use of server load balancing algorithms will improve the performance of highly loaded client-server systems, which in turn will enable task completion on time.

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experiment, sabot, projectile, separator, high-velocity projectile, light-gas launcher

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Key areas for improving the light-gas launcher have been identified, enabling a variety of configuration options and expanding the technical capabilities of the launcher. An analytical review of the most commonly used methods for separating sabots from projectiles during high-velocity projectile-object interaction studies has been conducted. As a result of the research, a promising sabot separation method based on energy dissipation has been proposed. Based on the results of computer modeling, a design variant of the separator has been developed and implemented, enabling practical testing of the proposed method.

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unmanned aerial vehicle, detection, counteraction, neural network

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The article discusses the main aspects of protecting critical infrastructure facilities in the Russian Federation from enemy unmanned aerial vehicle attacks, and identifies a number of problematic issues related to the use of anti-UAV systems and complexes. The article presents a technical solution (in the form of a multifunctional sighting system) that allows for the automatic detection of UAVs and the support of decision-making for their destruction. The article describes the algorithm of operation of the developed multifunctional sighting system. The article also evaluates the quality of the trained neural network model and the recognition algorithm.

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grenade launcher, counter-UAS, C-UAS, UAV, airburst munition, AGS-40, HK GMG, programmable fuze

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This article provides a comparative analysis of Russian and foreign automatic grenade launchers adapted to engage low-altitude aerial targets, primarily unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). It examines both specialized developments of ammunition with programmable and laser fuzes, as well as tactical improvisations used in real combat conditions. Based on open-source data, the effectiveness of system as the Russian 40-mm AGS-40 «Balkan» with a programmable fuze, the German HK GMG with Airburst grenade, and the American Striker complex is assessed. A general trend towards the integration of grenade launchers into Counter-Unmanned Aerial Systems (C-UAS) is identified, and a technological gap between serial Russian solutions and their Western counterparts in terms of ease of use and comprehensive integration is noted.

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Key words:

convolutional neural network, numerical method, hypothesis screening, gradient

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This article explores a model for screening hypotheses for target location in an image using a convolutional neural network and an additional normalized gradient. The proposed approach combines two features: a binarized normalized gradient generated in two ways (based on the mean intensity value and a comparison of neighboring values) and a color profile. The model reduces the number of hypotheses fed to the convolutional neural network during the preprocessing stage through fast, low-level computations. Experiments have confirmed a 17 % reduction in the number of generated hypotheses on average and a 22 % reduction in image processing time without sacrificing the network’s generalization ability. The results demonstrate the model’s effectiveness for object detection and recognition tasks under limited computing resources.

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Key words:

rigid carriage, muzzle-loading mortar, double-loading safety, firing safety

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The paper provides a systematic analysis of the design features of muzzle-loading mortars and the firing mode in order to develop a device that signals that the maximum allowable temperature in the barrel channel has been reached and excludes the possibility of loading, taking into account the actual conditions of combat. The periods of the phenomenon of a mortar shot and the dependence of changes in the pressure of powder gases and the speed of the mine on the path traveled by the mine in the bore of the mortar when firing at various charges are considered, taking into account the characteristics of a mortar shot in comparison with a shot from a rifled weapon. Based on the information and patent analysis, variants of circuit design solutions for dual-charging mechanisms are considered. An analysis of the barrel heating process is carried out and an assessment of the effect of barrel heating on the operation of an artillery piece is given.

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ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), design of Personal Armor Protection Systems (PAPS), multilayer ballistic composites, engineering design methodologies

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The article provides a detailed examination of garment construction techniques, including the specific properties of fabrics made from ultrahighmolecularweight polyethylene (UHMWPE). Special attention is given to traditional methods of garment design and the peculiarities of developing products from multilayer packages. Key aspects: The material demonstrates high strength, abrasion resistance, and chemical stability, making it suitable to produce protective clothing. When designing multilayer packages, the physical and mechanical properties of the materials are considered, along with their behaviour during dressing and dimensional changes during movement. These approaches enable the creation of garments with high shape stability and durability.

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shock-absorbing devices, rural obstacles, vehicles, technical specifications, and comparative characteristics

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This article provides a description of anti-ram devices produced in the Russian Federation and a number of foreign countries. It also provides a classification of these devices and their comparative characteristics. The article presents the results of an experimental study of the parameters of anti-ram devices. It also provides the results of experimental tests of the impact strength (resistance to impact). The article demonstrates the fundamental technical capabilities of anti-ram devices. It also provides the main ratios of anti-ram devices produced in the Russian Federation and a number of foreign countries. It is proposed an option for active protection of particularly important facilities from terrorist attacks on motor vehicles. The reliability of anti-ram devices has also been determined. The value of the readiness of anti-ram devices has been determined in relation to the approach of motor vehicles filled with explosives.

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stages of fire occurrence and development, fire parameters, destruction of piles, chaotic explosions of ammunition; convective flows of heated combustion products

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The paper proposes a scenario for the occurrence and development of a fire at an ammunition storage facility, which is caused by an attempt to commit a terrorist act or sabotage by setting fire to the facility. The paper considers various scenarios for the occurrence and development of a fire, including: from the bottom to the top and then to the sides of other stacks; from the middle to the top and then to the sides and then to other stacks; from the sides of a stack to the top and then to other stacks; from the top of a stack to the top of other stacks. The paper also assesses the consequences of a fire in an ammunition storage facility. The scenario can be used as a calculation scheme for developing mathematical models for assessing and predicting the explosion and fire safety of ammunition storage facilities and the fire resistance of containers with products.

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Key words:

security, military service, labor, military service factors, working-environment factors, life and health protection, Armed Forces

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The article is devoted to the scientific substantiation of the hypothesis put forward: hygienic assessment of military service conditions is a practical tool for operational management of the safety of military personnel at every workplace. At the same time, it has been established that military command and control bodies of military units have mainly visual diagnostic methods that do not accurately and reliably identify harmful and (or) dangerous production factors and, accordingly, develop scientifically based preventive measures. The military authorities must be provided with appropriate (instrumental and laboratory) resources that allow them to carry out operational security management of military service already at the military level.

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geographic information systems, specialized complexes, risk assessment, proactive management, predictive model, response time, controllability

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This article examines the specifics of geographic information systems in the modern practice of emergency prevention and response within the Russian Ministry of Emergency Situations. These systems are becoming a fundamental tool for integrating diverse data, visualizing the operational situation, and supporting decision-making. In emergency situations, particularly those characterized by extensive impact zones and the need for rapid redistribution of forces, the capabilities of geographic information systems are particularly important. An analysis of existing systems demonstrates significant fragmentation and the lack of a single integrated platform capable of covering the full range of tasks arising during emergency response. The identified limitations confirm the relevance of developing a specialized software solution capable of consolidating cartographic resources within a single platform.

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