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military-technical system, survivability, means of attack, means of defense, derivative in the direction

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The article proposes a method for solving game distribution problems for finding maximin with different types of means of attack and defense and a method for solving a «mixed game problem». The final mathematical relations are given, which make it possible to calculate the values of the components of the matrix of optimal target allocation of means of attack and defense. Examples of calculation are given. The computational relations presented in the paper allow us to reduce the problem of finding the maximum of the target functional to the problem of finding its maximum and thus to use the well-developed mathematical apparatus for solving extremal problems.

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macro indicators of modernization and reconstruction, industrial enterprises, structural and parametric optimization, cost estimation and present value, production efficiency

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The article presents the results of research on the development of a methodological apparatus for assessing the cost of expenses for the reconstruction and modernization of industrial enterprises based on the formation of macro-indicators and rational solutions based on the theory of structural and parametric optimization. The selection of all potentially possible options for the reconstruction and modernization of industrial enterprises should be based on an assessment of the efficiency of further use of the object. Analysis of indicators and criteria for the technical and economic assessment of costs for the reconstruction of industrial enterprises indicates that the following approach corresponds to the choice of their most effective application: achieving the maximum integral effect on obtaining the required useful result (if it is possible to estimate the flows of results in a single monetary equivalent); achieving the required effect with minimum costs (if the integral effect is negative or if it is impossible to estimate the flows of results in a single monetary equivalent).

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matched filter, photodetector, amplitude-frequency response, aperiodic element, delay line, operational amplifier, inverting integrator, approximate method for determining the integral, noise dispersion, pulse duration

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In tasks of rendezvous and docking of space objects that occur at high speeds, it is necessary to ensure a reserve of time. Detection of a space object depends from the interference situation and in the absence of false objects, is determined by the ratio of the useful signal to noise. It is possible to achieve the maximum value of this ratio by using a matched filter in the amplification channel of the received signal. In this regard, options for constructing a matched filter for use in the amplification channel and processing the signal received from the photodetector. Structural and technically feasible diagrams of the considered matched filter options are presented. It is shown that the problem of optimal signal reception from matrix photodetectors can be successfully solved by using an aperiodic element as a matched filter. The slight deterioration in the signal-to-noise ratio in this case is compensated by the simplicity of the technical implementation of the matched filter.

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information support, persistence of information, relevance of information, complex ergatic system, subsystem of information support

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The paper considers the issues of providing targeted information in the sense of meeting the needs of recipients when they perform particular tasks in the process of functioning in the contour of a complex ergatic system. The main attention is paid to the task of ensuring the Quality of Service (QoS) requirements for traffic generated according to the criteria of permanence and relevance of information provided to the consumer (an element of the application of a complex ergatic system) in conditions of limited telecommunications resource of the information support subsystem. The approach is based on the reconfiguration of the telecommunications network as a result of a preliminary assessment of its structural and functional stability, followed by the choice, which allows to ensure compliance with the requirements for the quality of service of the appropriate type of targeted information.

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videoconferencing, video traffic distribution, packet delivery quality, linear programming

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The article analyzes the organization of videoconferencing in the conditions of changing the resource of transport network capacity. In the framework of the linear programming problem the constraints on the network performance at the physical, channel and transport levels of the open systems interaction model are taken into account and the iterative procedure of their transformation is proposed taking into account the real state of the communication network. In the conditions of modern combat, the role of technical means of communication in the management of troops is constantly increasing, they become the main means of controlling troops and weapons. In this regard, the main direction of the control system development is the creation and equipping of troops with modern means of communication and automated control systems that operate with high efficiency and achieve relevant indicators while ensuring the requirements to the control system.

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Control system for decameter radio communications, passive ionospheric sensing, reduction of the effect of multipath propagation of radio waves

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The article considers a decameter radio communication control system with expanded functionality by reducing the effect of multipath propagation of radio waves when organizing single-hop propagation of radio waves to the correspondent, determination of ionosphere parameters in real time in passive mode (absence of preliminary active sensing of the estimated operating frequencies), assessment communication channel parameters taking into account the presence of fading according to the laws of Rice, Nakagami and Rayleigh. The proposed control system will allow an automated decameter range longrange communication system with stationary and mobile subscribers to use radio channels with high reliability and information speed, automatically adapting to both complex interference conditions and the most complex dynamic processes in the Earth’s ionosphere in real time.

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emergency situations, safety, liquidation, life support, prevention

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The sustainability of the functioning of economic facilities on the territory of new constituent entities of the Russian Federation depends on their reliable security and defense. To ensure a state of emergency, participate in the prevention and liquidation of natural and man-made emergencies in these territories, units of the Armed Forces and the National Guard Troops of the Russian Federation are involved. The article discusses issues of ensuring the safety of the population in conditions of armed conflict. The results of an analysis of the organization of life support are presented, taking into account the use of high-precision, controllable, modern weapons with high combat and destructive properties. The main measures for organizing the protection of the population in combat conditions have been identified as the main measures.

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messenger, information exchange, peer-to-peer decentralized network, terrorist attack, emergency

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This article examines the situation when, as a result of a terrorist attack or as a result of an emergency, the energy infrastructure fails and, as a consequence, the operation of various types of communications, both fixed and mobile, ceases. Under these conditions, the exchange of information between various individuals from the population completely stops, thus, a negative situation arises when in most cases it becomes impossible to warn about danger, ask for help, etc. The authors imagine conditions when, if communication systems cannot function, people who find themselves in a dangerous situation will be able to exchange information by turning to the work of autonomous messengers installed on smartphones using peer-to-peer decentralized networks.

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explosive charge, explosion protection device, air shock wave, overpressure, fragments

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The issues of using explosion protection devices to localize the consequences of unauthorized detonation of thick-walled explosive objects are considered. It has been shown that the use of an explosion protection device to localize the consequences of the explosion of explosive objects containing explosive charges weighing 1,3...5,4 kg in TNT equivalent in metal cases with a thickness of 12...24 mm, when carrying out work on their destruction during the liquidation process consequences of emergency situations at arsenals (bases) for storing ammunition and during humanitarian clearance (clearing) of an area from explosive objects can significantly reduce the level of damaging factors and ensure the safe presence of personnel equipped with personal armor protection of a protective structure class not lower than Br3 according to GOST 34286–2017.

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SPV, removable armor protection, security, safety, armor protection class, fragments, survivability

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The article discusses the main methods of designing additional armor protection for wheeled special purpose vehicles used in the internal affairs bodies (IAB) of the Russian Federation (SPV) during counter-terrorist operations, combat operations, and also describes foreign technical solutions to improve the armor protection of cars. The domestic experience of previous developments is analyzed with the involvement of technical solutions and materials developed recently. In addition, the design features of the reservation are taken into account in accordance with modern means of fire damage and priority projections of the car are allocated, which must be booked first.

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psychology, operator of human-machine systems, emergency situations, the effectiveness of the solution, factors and conditions of the operator’s activity

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The development of means and methods of armed struggle in aerospace places increased demands on the training of operators of combat systems to act in emergency situations. This article presents an analysis of existing approaches in the system of personnel training for actions in emergency situations. To ensure the purposefulness and concreteness of training, a systematic classification of the situational representation of the combat situation is proposed through the characterization of external (environmental factors) and internal (qualities and personality traits) influences on the operator. The assessment of the actions of the combat system operator is supposed to be carried out taking into account the characteristics of the combat situation. It is advisable to diagnose the operator's readiness indicators based on the effectiveness of the decision he makes. This approach reduces the risk of negative training outcomes.

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mines and explosive objects, demining of objects and surrounding areas, equipment for a counselor and a dog, set of hanging cases, unloading and tactical vest

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In our country, the idea of using dogs to search for mines appeared in the Central Military Search School for Trainers of Red Army units during the Soviet-Finnish War. Immediately, at the military search school, a fundamental training methodology and tactics for the use of mine-hunting dogs were developed. The work of such dogs turned out to be fast, reliable and relatively safe. Despite all the technical innovations, modern mine detection tools cannot completely replace a dog's sense of smell. The experience of using mine search service dogs shows that for successful work a dog must be equipped and equipped no worse than its counselor. The result of this work is the improvement of individual elements necessary for equipping counselors and dogs of the mine search service, and further — the adoption of a common set of equipment for units using dogs for mine clearance.

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truncated cone, bicalibre missiles, aerodynamic characteristics, normal force, drag force

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Recently, more and more bicaliber missile weapons have begun to appear, made according to a tandem aerodynamic design, in which a transitional conical section is located between stages with different calibers. However, standard empirical-analytical methods for calculating aerodynamic characteristics are not suitable for a bi-caliber fuselage. The article presents a description of the engineering methodology for calculating the aerodynamic characteristics of a bicaliber fuselage with a conical transition section. The technique is based on the derivatives of the coefficients of the aerodynamic forces of the fuselage elements, as well as on a number of coefficients obtained by empirical-analytical methods. The mathematical dependencies used and the existing limitations of the applicability of the technique are described. Validation performed using the results of numerical modeling showed that this technique allows one to calculate aerodynamic characteristics with an accuracy acceptable for the early stages of aerodynamic design.

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effectivity of the weapons complex, anti-tank missile system, anti-tank guided missile, helicopter, efficiency assessment, efficiency evaluation criterion

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The article considers an approach to optimizing the characteristics of anti-tank missile systems of attack helicopters based on an efficiency assessment model. Evaluation of the effectiveness of the projected anti-tank complex allows you to choose its rational characteristics that meet the purpose of the complex and ensure high efficiency of attack helicopters when performing combat missions. The article sets the task of optimizing the characteristics of anti-tank missile systems, proposes the structure of a general mathematical model for evaluating the effectiveness of an anti-tank missile system of an attack helicopter, and considers the individual models included in it. Recommendations are given for solving the problem of optimizing the characteristics of anti-tank missile systems of attack helicopters at the initial stages of design.

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thermal preparation of the engine, preheater, military vehicles, experimental study

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The article presents the results of an experimental study of a thermoelectric preheater, as a means of ensuring long-term maintenance of the thermal state of military vehicles engines in readiness for launch. The necessity of creating this technical solution and the features of its design are revealed. An experimental installation has been created. Based on theory of engineering experiment, the order of the experimental study, variable and controlled parameters were determined, a series of experiments and processing of experimental data were carried out. Based on the results of the experimental study, new dependencies were obtained that made it possible to formulate recommendations for the modernization of prestart thermal preparation devices for military vehicles.

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solar cells, photoelectrochemical converters, silicon, mesoporous titanium dioxide, perovskite, nanomaterials

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Currently, it seems promising to create photoelectrochemical converters of solar energy without the use of silicon [1]. The design, materials and technologies for creating such converters have been studied. Sensitized mesoporous titanium dioxide TiO2 is promising to be used as a photoanode. The film of mesoporous titanium oxide has a developed surface, respectively, a significant surface for the adsorption of the sensitizer. This technology has aroused great interest as an alternative to traditional silicon technology. Methods for the synthesis of nanocrystalline titanium dioxide powders with a high specific surface area (100 and more m2/g) have been studied. The developed technique for the synthesis of nanocrystalline titanium dioxide powders made it possible to proceed to the creation of existing models of photoelectrochemical converters based on perovskite materials.

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ballistic installation, powder throwing method, explosive throwing method, light gas gun

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The issues of using ballistic installations that implement various methods of throwing striking elements are considered when assessing the anti-fragmentation resistance of promising protective structures. Promising protective structures are characterized by increased antifragmentation resistance, the confirmation of which is difficult using traditional ballistic installations. The possibility of using ballistic installations that implement powder and explosive methods of throwing striking elements, as well as light gas guns, is considered. It has been established that the most promising ballistic installations are those that implement the powder method of throwing in combination with an increase in barrel length, as well as installations based on multi-stage explosive tubular accelerators that implement the explosive method of throwing submunitions.

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fire and explosion safety, technological safety, engineering and technical measures, stress fields, relative deformations, stress-strain state

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The article presents an analysis of ensuring fire and explosion safety of elements of special structures of the launch complex from the point of view of emergency situations. The methods and means of increasing the stability of structures to the damaging factors of an emergency explosion are considered, the main of which are engineering and technical measures. In order to increase the effectiveness of the monitoring system for the operational condition of special structures after emergency loads and impacts, a system for identifying static and dynamic characteristics of materials and structures based on modeling the impact of emergency loads on special structures (SS) is being considered. It is proposed to model the behavior of load-bearing structures of SS based on numerical methods using ANSYS AUTODYN CAD based on known damage characteristics (parameters). A numerical solution is given for calculating a coating plate with damage to the effect of explosive charges explosion.

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bulletproof shields, individual human protection, test methods, general technical requirements, state standard

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The problems of standardization of bullet–resistant shields are considered - the analysis of GOST 34286–2017 «Armored clothing. Classification and general technical requirements», GOST R 51112–97 «Protective banking equipment. Bullet resistance requirements and test methods» and GOST R 55623–2013 «Armored clothing. Test methods», namely, the impossibility of applying the above-mentioned national standards to the declared product type is shown. The technical requirements and design features of bulletproof shields, which are manufactured and sold on the territory of the Russian Federation, are determined. The analysis of the foreign standard NIJ Standard-0108.01 Ballistic Resistance Protective Materials was carried out. The parameters for determining the requirements for bulletproof shields are proposed for further development of the methodology for setting general technical requirements and their experimental confirmation.

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