Authors

Key words:

hierarchical clustering, the route of the fastest flight of targets, grouping of heterogeneous UAVs, the traveling salesman’s task, destructive factor

Annotation:

Assigning tasks to heterogeneous objects located in a group, even with the use of the latest and well-known methods of clustering and classification, remains still a complex and timeconsuming task that requires localization of the solution due to the constantly changing environment and the high computational complexity of the algorithmic and mathematical software. Therefore, the urgent question is the formation of new clustering algorithms by combining several known ones and creating modified algorithms based on them in order to obtain a universal solution. A modified algorithm for clustering a large number of heterogeneous objects according to their functional purpose and the conditions of their interaction is proposed. Taking into account their location in space makes it possible to calculate the minimum distances between objects and form a matrix of minimum distances both between the clusters themselves and within each of them.

Pages3-10

Code UDC:004.722

Authors

Key words:

control channel, protocol data units, dynamic change of signal parameters, satellite terminal, identification structure of protocol data units.

Annotation:

The article proposes a method for identifying protocol data units (PDU) of a control channel for dynamically changing signal parameters of subscriber terminals (ST) of satellite communication systems. Data on the parameters of the ST signals are transmitted in the control channel of the central earth station. Due to the use of using non-standardized protocols for modem, uncertainty arises regarding the structure of the PDUs control channel, which does not allow determining the parameters of the ST signals. The proposed method is based on the identified informative signs of detecting PDUs of the control channel and identifying their fields «length», «number», «central frequency», «carrier frequency», «band width» and «modulation coding». The article presents the results of evaluating the reliability of the method and the time required to identify the PDUs of the control channel.

Pages11-21

Code UDC:621.391

Authors

Key words:

cyberspace, information infrastructure, deterministic graph, fuzzy graph, shortest path algorithm

Annotation:

In the first part of the article, based on the analysis of the information infrastructure, as well as the provisions of graph theory, essential features that distinguish modern information infrastructure from traditional communication and automation systems are identified, definitions of basic concepts in the subject area are given and clarified. In the second part of the article, the possibilities of applying the provisions of graph theory for modeling information infrastructure objects and solving practical problems are determined, in particular, the results of the analysis of deterministic graphs, fuzzy graphs and algorithms for finding the shortest paths in them are presented. The third part of the article formulates research directions for expanding graph theory to model information infrastructure objects and solve practical problems that arise in the process of their design and operation.

Pages22-28

Code UDC:78.01.92

Authors

Key words:

control and verification equipment, operation, failure flow parameter, reliability indicators

Annotation:

The article is devoted to the study of the possibilities of achieving the required values of complex reliability indicators of complex technical systems (STS), by introducing the function of comparing data on the parameter of the failure flow of systems (subsystems) and elements characterizing the ability of STS to perform tasks as intended with data on the development of systems (subsystems) of the assigned resource, as well as objective data accounting for their physical wear. The need for research is explained by the existing contradictions in the search for an optimal solution that simultaneously ensures the maximum duration of intended use and resource generation with minimum values of the failure flow parameter affecting the readiness for intended use and the duration of operation of the STS.

Pages29-34

Code UDC:358.17

Authors

Key words:

optimization, detector noise equivalent, thermal guidance, atmospheric transmission, aircraft

Annotation:

The purpose of this study is to clarify the conditions and possibilities of applying the adaptive control principle of IR detectors for detecting aircraft, depending on the state of atmospheric turbulence. The problem of optimizing the detection and tracking of IR-emitting aircraft using thermal detectors located in projectiles and missiles with infrared (thermal) guidance to the target is analyzed. The square of the detection distance in integral terms is chosen as the target functional of variational optimization. Taking into account the limitation existing in the energy supply of the projectile, in relation to the part of the power supply allocated to control the noise equivalent of the detector, a variational problem has been formulated, according to which the minimum detection distance of aircraft is provided if the NEI indicator is directly proportional to the square root of the atmospheric transmission index.

Pages35-39

Code UDC:629.76

Authors

Key words:

validity, control efficiency, entropy

Annotation:

The article is devoted to the study of approaches to accounting for the validity of management decisions in models for assessing the effectiveness of intelligent management systems using large amounts of initial data. Currently, in these models, validity is the accepted assumption that officials have the necessary level of competence to make informed decisions and analyze a sufficient number of their options. However, this approach on the one hand simplifies the evaluation process, and on the other hand does not take into account the dynamics of changes in operational information and the uncertainty of the states of control objects in difficult conditions of opposition from competitors. It is proposed to formalize the consideration of validity not only by the number of alternatives, but also by the level of uncertainty calculated from the point of view of the entropy approach.

Pages40-44

Code UDC:004.051

Authors

Key words:

impact, hydrotechnical structure, safety, indenter, barrier, penetrating action, critical element

Annotation:

In the history of human society, the beginning of the twenty-first century is characterized by an increase in the number and scale of various accidents and catastrophes, the occurrence of which is especially dangerous at large hydraulic engineering facilities. Recently, the risks of emergencies at such facilities have increased, as the impact of violators on them becomes targeted. At the same time, one of the main types of impact of violators on hydraulic structures will be bullet impact. The article considers the results of experimental studies of the penetrating effect of small arms bullets in various materials, conducted in order to verify the reliability of the results of a theoretical study of the penetrating effect of bullets and assess the possibility of manufacturing protective shields in the field, guaranteeing their non-penetration by a bullet, to increase the protection of critical elements of infrastructure facilities on the example of hydraulic structures.

Pages45-54

Code UDC:614; 626/627

Authors

Key words:

APCS system, ammunition, inventory management

Annotation:

The increasing complexity of the ammunition delivery process in special operations requires the development of control systems that take into account possible de-stabilised factors related to time or flow failures. The aim of the work is to develop an automated spatial-dynamic control system for ammunition delivery, which will allow synthesising the control problem by several target functions. Methods used: models of continuum mechanics are used to describe the process of ammunition delivery. The solution is obtained using the impulse transient Green's function. The elements of novelty are the formation of the controlling influence taking into account failures caused by material losses of ammunition, delays in transportation and minimisation of errors associated with the human factor. The practical significance of the results of the study lies in the development of algorithms that realise the methods of ammunition delivery control taking into account time, space and risk factors.

Pages55-61

Code UDC:681.5

Authors

Key words:

unmanned aerial vehicle, detection, visual reconnaissance, neural network

Annotation:

The article provides a classification of unmanned aerial vehicles, an analysis of the use of small-sized unmanned aerial vehicles in modern armed conflicts, including during a special military operation. A system for detecting (recognizing) small-sized unmanned aerial vehicles in the optical wavelength range based on the concept of deep learning is proposed. A comparative analysis of convolutional neural networks used to solve the problems of detection and classification of small objects is carried out. A block diagram of the UAV detection and recognition software and hardware complex has been developed, digital modeling of the proposed detection (recognition) system has been performed, the trained model has been verified, and the quality of the convolutional neural network algorithm has been evaluated.

Pages62-68

Code UDC:004.93: 004.032.26

Authors

Key words:

potentially dangerous objects, pilotless aircraft, mobile topographic and geodetic complex, geospatial information, aerial survey, operational updating

Annotation:

The analysis of the statistics of emergency accidents at potentially dangerous facilities suggests that the likelihood of such incidents is quite large. The reasons can be as anthropogenic, natural so military factors. For planning and conducting emergency rescue operations and the liquidation of consequences, a large volume of different information is required, including geospatial, which must obtained promptly and with the required quality. In this article is reviewed the technology of prompt renewal of geospatial information on potentially dangerous objects based on the results of aerial photography with unmanned aerial vehicles. The proposed technology is applicable for various causes of emergencies: natural disasters, accidents, terrorist and military operations

Pages69-74

Code UDC:623.646

Authors

Key words:

electronic warfare, interference effect, radio interception, derectional pattern, special tasks, radiation

Annotation:

The article discusses possible ways and methods of increasing the survivability and functioning of state facilities from the effects (reconnaissance, destruction, suppression) of air and space attack means using small-sized unmanned aerial vehicles (BLS), both industrial and artisanal production, by substantiating the technical equipment of the security system, which are based on the means of functional destruction (suppression), and methods based on the emission of energy into space. In this regard, the need for the creation of modern means of destruction that are able to perform their tasks in an unstable environment, and are able to function with the superiority of possible means of air attack in the air and stratospheric space is considered.

Pages75-79

Code UDC:621.396

Authors

Key words:

threats to facilities, transport security, security categories, classification of intruders and violations, formalization of the procedure for creating a security system

Annotation:

Since the adoption of Federal Law No. 16-FZ «On Transport Security» and dozens of bylaws dedicated to countering traditional threats, including terrorist ones, to water transport facilities (WTF), new threats from unmanned vehicles (UV) for WTF and other critical facilities have appeared. Economic and environmental damage and human losses have increased dramatically. This required an adequate response from the security systems. These systems should now use special security equipment (SSE) capable of detecting and neutralizing UV, especially of an airborne type. This raises the problem of formulating tasks, analyzing methods of counteraction, approaches to the creation and functioning of an adequate SSE, tactical and technical requirements for it, which is the topic of this article.

Pages80-87

Code UDC:621.39

Authors

Key words:

military automotive equipment, anti-shatter and bulletproof protection, ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene, «Russil», additional armor set, KAMAZ

Annotation:

The article presents the results of the development of an additional armor set (AAS) for KAMAZ vehicles of the «Mustang» family. The main prerequisites for the creation of a AAS are indicated. The basic requirements for additional booking packages are considered. The structure of the AAS obtained as a result of solving the problem of ensuring the specified requirements, taking into account the scientific and technical reserve of Special Materials Ltd is given. A description of the design, materials used and ballistic characteristics is given, indicating the bullet resistance classes of individual AAS elements installed on the KAMAZ vehicle. The images of the developed components of the kit mounted on samples of military automotive technic (MAT) are presented. The advantages of the applied design solutions are considered. The methods of mounting the AAS protective elements and the advantages during the operation of the kit are indicated.

Pages88-93

Code UDC:623.093

Authors

Key words:

grenade launcher armament, countermass discard, balance, deformation, modulus of elasticity

Annotation:

Recoilless weapon systems are considered, the balance of which during firing is ensured by the removal of countermass. It has been shown that since such an countermass is made of plastic or cardboard longitudinally laid strips, rubber discs and other similar elements, it is subject to deformation when fired under the pressure of powder gases. This causes an additional increase in the free volume in the barrel of the weapon and leads to a violation of its balance. Mathematical modeling showed that at the values of the modulus of elasticity of the countermass E > 108 Pa, it can be considered undeformed and not affecting the equilibrium of the weapon; with a decrease in the modulus of elasticity, the degree of unbalance of the system increases and at E = 7,5∙106 Pa, reaches 25 %. The identified features should be taken into account when designing recoilless weapon systems with countermass waste.

Pages94-100

Code UDC:623.421.8

Authors

Key words:

floating machine, water hazard, shallow water, landing, permeability, mathematical model, probability, power distribution, caterpillar propulsion, water propulsion, mass change

Annotation:

Using a mathematical model of the process of leaving the floating armored vehicle emerging from the water on to the shore, calculation studies were carried out for the BMD-4M with a varying power ratio between the tracked and water propulsion units, taking into account the coefficient of change in the mass of the vehicle within the buoyancy reserve. The probability of the vehicle exiting the water on to the shore was, taken as an evaluation indicator. The simulation results were, analyzed. The rational ratio of power between the BMD-4M tracked and navigable propulsion units when leaving the water on shore, taking into account the coefficient of change in the mass of the vehicle within the buoyancy reserve, is substantiated. As external conditions, sandy soil and various bottom slopes on the shallow section of the water barrier to be overcome were considered: 10°, 15°, 20° and 25°.

Pages101-109

Code UDC:623.438.7

Authors

Key words:

technical level, assessment method, complex technical system

Annotation:

The article is devoted to the search for new ways to solve the problem of assessing the technical level of existing and promising complex technical systems (CTS), the development of a scientific and methodological apparatus aimed at improving the accuracy and adequacy of existing assessment methods, ensuring the stability of existing and new algorithms for evaluating CTS, as well as reducing the impact of uncertainties associated with limited information about the initial the parameters of the basic CTS. Based on the conclusions of fundamental and applied sciences, this article considers the possibility of estimating TU in a way based on a generalized vector indicator, which in turn is formed based on the properties of the vector product of vectors. In addition, the phase between the generalized vector indicators of the TU of the new and existing CTS and the possibility of projecting this phase onto the coordinate axes forming an m-dimensional space are introduced.

Pages110-114

Code UDC:358.17

Authors

Key words:

thermal preparation of the engine, preheater, thermoelectric generator, exergy

Annotation:

The article describes the operation of a system for long-term maintenance of the thermal state of the engine in readiness for start-up and an integrated thermoelectric generator, as a comprehensive tool designed to maintain thermal. The dependencies that affect the operation of the preheater when a thermoelectric generator is introduced into its design are presented and disclosed. The procedure for the mathematical calculation of thermal balance of the claimed system is presented, taking into account the newly introduced coefficient of exergetic readiness. The mathematical model of the thermal balance of the preheating system of the engine and the thermoelectric generator allows you to calculate the design of the preheating liquid heater, taking into account its autonomous operation independently from the source of electrical energy.

Pages115-121

Code UDC:623.43.016.4

Authors

Key words:

impact resistant helmet, general technical requirements, classification, standard test methods

Annotation:

An analysis of the characteristics of domestic impact-resistant helmets used in units of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the National Guard of the Russian Federation when performing tasks to ensure law and order in public places, including in places of public and mass events, as well as to suppress illegal actions was carried out. It has been shown that impact-resistant helmets from different manufacturers differ significantly in terms of purpose, levels of protection, and protective characteristics due to the lack of a unified regulatory and technical document establishing the requirements for such characteristics. The main provisions of the newly developed GOST R 71218–2024, which establishes the classification and general technical requirements necessary for their development, manufacture and testing, are considered. The main provisions of the newly developed GOST R 71220–2024, which establishes standard test methods for compliance with technical requirements, general requirements for the organization and preparation of tests, as well as the evaluation and registration of test results, are considered.

Pages122-134

Code UDC:623.4

Authors

Key words:

aramid ballistic fabric, chemical compositions, anti-fragmentation resistance index, polyvinyl alcohol, sulfuric acid, monochloroacetic acid, 1,6-hexanediol, ethane-1,2 dicarboxylic acid

Annotation:

Methods for increasing the protective characteristics of ballistic aramid fabrics through treatment with chemical compounds are considered, based on treating the fabric with a solution of polyvinyl alcohol and a solution of sulfuric acid; on sequential treatment of the fabric with a solution of monochloroacetic acid, a solution of polyvinyl alcohol and a solution of sulfuric acid; on treating the fabric with a solution of monochloroacetic acid, a solution of 1,6-hexanediol and a solution of sulfuric acid and treating the fabric with a standard 1N solution of ethane-1,2 dicarboxylic acid, followed by washing to a neutral environment and drying. It has been shown that the anti-fragmentation resistance of the treated fabric increases by 9-31% depending on the method of processing the fabric. It has been established that fabric processing using the remainder of ethane-1,2 dicarboxylic acid occurs in one stage, which significantly reduces material and time costs.

Pages135-143

Code UDC:623.4

Authors

Key words:

memory chip, physical destruction, pyrotechnic charge, interferometric technique

Annotation:

The article presents the results of research on the thermobaric effect of pyrotechnic charge on the survivability of microcircuits. The velocities of the expansion of chip fragments under the influence of a loading pulse from a pyrotechnic charge, as well as the size of the fragments, have been experimentally determined. It is determined that the location of the memory chip in the direction of the direct impact of the charge makes it possible to increase the shock overload on the free surface of the chip, and, accordingly, to improve its destruction quality. The effectiveness of the method of destruction of memory chips meets the requirements of class III protection for information of the 7th level of secrecy according to the DIN 66399-2012 standard. The novelty of the work lies in the application of a modern laser interferometric technique for measuring the velocity of movement of the free surface of the target.

Pages144-151

Code UDC:004.056.53; 53.087.42

Authors

Key words:

ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, needle-punched, geotextile, felt, fibrous waste, recycling

Annotation:

In the article, the author examines the concept of the process of processing valuable raw materials, such as fibrous waste of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) to obtain felt in the future. The article defines concepts such as carded combing and needle punching. The technological sequence of producing felt is considered, in which the material is formed due to the adhesion and interweaving of fibers, which is called the felting process. It is concluded that fiber waste from UHMWPE bobbins can be processed on carding machines to produce felt, which can later be used, for example, for the production of antishatter materials, geotextile materials or heat and sound insulation building materials. A number of properties of the resulting felt have been derived, such as high strength, wear resistance, resistance to chemicals and low temperatures, as well as good thermal and sound insulation properties. The problem of recycling UHMWPE waste into felt has been solved, which will help to dispose of this type of waste so as not to harm the environment.

Pages152-156

Code UDC:677.026.3