Authors

Key words:

integrated security system, the level of integrated security, threats, incidents, causes, prerequisites, the potential for the implementation of threats, source of threats, objects, the likelihood of an incident, damage from the implementation of threats

Annotation:

The article presents a methodology for assessing the level of integrated security of structural units of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation operating nuclear and radiation hazardous facilities. The structure of the assessment is shown and the main calculated values are presented. As an indicator of integrated security, it is proposed to consider the potential for the implementation of threats, which is the product of the probability of accidents and possible damage. To categorize the values of the threat implementation potentials by the levels of integrated security, the following categories have been introduced: «THREAT», «DANGER», «CHALLENGE», «NORM» with the necessary criteria ratios. The presented methodology makes it possible to assess the level of integrated security of structural units of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation operating nuclear and radiation hazardous facilities before.

Pages3-13

Code UDC:623.45; 614.8

Authors

Key words:

management system objects, stability, security, safety

Annotation:

The article outlines the main provisions for ensuring the security and safety of objects of the management system of the subject of the Russian Federation, assuming their engineering equipment, substantiates the structure and properties of the elements of protection of its objects. The effectiveness of the application of engineering equipment methods for facilities of the management system of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation acts as the degree of realization of its capabilities. To assess the effectiveness of the use of engineering equipment, a system of parameters and criteria for evaluating the contribution of their use to ensuring the security of control system facilities is proposed, which allows evaluating possible options. The implementation of the developed provisions makes it possible to determine the composition, scope of measures, as well as a set of means and methods to ensure the security of control system facilities, effectively implement these measures, reduce the values of damaging factors of conventional weapons, increase the degree of protection of personnel.

Pages14-21

Code UDC:614.8

Authors

Key words:

Strategic missile forces, missile connection, aerospace defense, false targets, NATO, rapid global strike, strategic deterrence, cruise missiles

Annotation:

The paper emphasizes the importance of the nuclear triad in ensuring the national security of the Russian Federation. The prospective threats of improving the technical capabilities of a potential enemy to increase the means of space intelligence and communications have been identified. The main threats to the objects of missile formations are considered. The probable sequence of the enemy’s impact with the help of strategic bombers on the objects of the missile connection is analyzed. Also, theoretical options have been put forward to increase the survivability of missile compound objects from the possible impact of cruise missiles, taking into account the available weapons and the most promising options. The issue of guaranteed protection of missile compound facilities from the threat of a cruise missile strike is the most important for Strategic Missile Forces.

Pages22-27

Code UDC:355/359

Authors

Key words:

medical support, military personnel, Armed forces, management system, security, military service

Annotation:

The article is devoted to the search for the reasons for the low efficiency of the functioning of the security management system of military service in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. According to the author, the problem lies in the incompleteness of the process of developing and implementing a security management system. Medical support for the personnel of the Russian army and navy as an element of the security management system of military service was chosen as an evidence base. It has been established that medical support for military personnel is still being implemented independently, out of connection with the security management system, without forming a single, integral structure. It was concluded that the process of developing and implementing a security management system was incomplete. It is necessary to harmonize the governing documents of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, thereby ensuring the unity of goals, objectives, etc. of all elements of the security management system of military service.

Pages28-33

Code UDC:356.33:331.45-057.36(045)

Authors

Key words:

object of control, individual guaranteed forecast, automated workplace, automated maintenance and control system

Annotation:

The issues of forecasting the technical condition of the object of control on a small set of control results (up to 3 ... 4) in the presence of measurement errors, the statistical properties of which are not reliably known, are considered. In this case, the use of classical methods of mathematical statistics and the theory of random processes leads to significant errors and low reliability of the forecast. The article, based on the minimax approach, proposes an algorithm for an individual guaranteed forecast of the parameters of the control object, which makes it possible to obtain fairly stable results in the absence of a priori information. The forecast results make it possible to determine a strategy for assigning appropriate moments for monitoring the condition, stopping operation, as well as carrying out preventive and repair work. An empirical formula is obtained for the dependence of the required accuracy of measuring the parameters of the control object on the relative interval of the guaranteed forecast.

Pages34-39

Code UDC:623.463.54; 623.486

Authors

Key words:

artificial intelligence, decision support system, uncertainty, probability, bayesian networks, a posteriori inference

Annotation:

The article discusses the methodology for developing a solution support system based on artificial intelligence models — Bayesian networks. A prototype of an intelligent solution support system for solving a training special task is proposed. To build this system, a priori information is used, which can be obtained in the form of expert assessments or statistical information. The use of posterior inference in Bayesian networks allows you to recalculate the probabilities of all variables taking into account incoming new information, thereby increasing the validity of decisions made in conditions of uncertainty. The proposed toolkit can be used to help decision makers in the context of the prompt receipt of new information and the organization of forecasting, so that decision-making is sufficiently balanced, justified, adequate and prompt.

Pages40-48

Code UDC:355/359

Authors

Key words:

maintenance-free complex technical system, high-power electromagnetic impact, general logic-probabilistic method, event graph

Annotation:

Modeling the process of functioning of maintenance-free complex technical systems and the subsequent calculation of indicators of the resistance of functional elements of this system to degrading effects is a difficult multi-level technical task, since a simple comparison of the criteria levels of resistance with the current level of exposure will be incorrect. First of all, this is caused by the numerous functional connections of elements within the system. The article presents a comparative analysis of methods for describing the process of functioning of complex technical systems under the influence of high-power electromagnetic radiation. The main ones are identified and the most appropriate method for describing the process of functioning of an unattended complex technical system is justified, which allows further developing a mathematical model in order to calculate the indicators of resistance of an unattended complex technical system to this type of impact.

Pages49-54

Code UDC:62-761

Authors

Key words:

negative temperatures, smooth running, two-link tracked vehicles, hydraulic shock absorber, mathematical model of movement

Annotation:

Research has established that at temperatures of –27 °C and below, hydraulic shock absorbers confirm their performance. It takes quite a long time for the muffler to reach its operating characteristics while the vehicle is moving at such temperatures, resulting in a deterioration in the smoothness of the vehicle, an increase in the load on its driver, which in turn affects the decrease in the average speed of the vehicle. It should also be noted that the smooth running of a tracked vehicle has a decisive influence on the probability of hitting a target when firing a combat vehicle on the move. In the article, the authors proposed a mathematical model of movement on a random uneven surface of a two-link tracked vehicle under low temperature conditions, taking into account the regulation of the temperature of the shock absorber fluid.

Pages55-65

Code UDC:629.3.105

Authors

Key words:

information field, range shooting complex, synthesis of а structure, information, data

Annotation:

The level of development of information technology determines the transition to shooting range complexes based on an unmarked architecture (without the use of material targets). The use of a scenario approach to the formation of information fields of such complexes is ineffective, limits their technical potential and, ultimately, does not provide an increase in the level of preparedness of operators of weapons systems. The article proposes a method for constructing the structure of the information field of a shooting range complex (IFSR) of without a target type based on the decomposition of the information field of the external environment, as well as the synthesis of the structure of the IFSR by reverse logical inference. A system of rules for the synthesis of the structure of the information field has been developed, in which the formed structure is correct. A new formalization AND/OR graph of the structure of an IFSR of without a target type is proposed.

Pages66-72

Code UDC:004.02; 623.59

Authors

Key words:

control digital twin, robotic complex, control system, multi-agent model, decentralized control

Annotation:

The article proposes a model of a heterogeneous robotic complex control system built using a digital control twin. A mathematical statement of the problem of controlling a heterogeneous robotic complex is given. The concept of a control digital twin is formulated, the essence of which is to implement control in the virtual space of the digital twin and synchronous transmission of control actions to the control object. Based on the proposed concept, a multi-agent model of a control system has been developed, the control object of which consists of two types of control agents: a task control agent and a robot control agent. The interaction of these agents, which are antagonists, provides a state of dynamic equilibrium (homeostasis) of the control system.

Pages73-77

Code UDC:519.8

Authors

Key words:

technical level, assessment method, complex technical system

Annotation:

The article is devoted to improving existing methods for assessing the technical level (TU) of a complex technical system (STS) by establishing generalized vector indicators of the TU of a new and existing STS in m-dimensional space with the possibility of reducing the m-dimensional space to a space of smaller dimension, taking into account the properties of the vector product. Based on the principles of a systematic approach, the article examines the most commonly used methods of assessment (evaluation) of technical specifications, as well as a number of disadvantages of these methods that have to be faced, despite significant opportunities in their application. In addition, the components indicating which influencing factor needs to be given the most attention and other forms of priority are considered, namely, to determine the order of resource allocation regarding the importance of developing individual components to achieve a set of final goals.

Pages78-83

Code UDC:358.1

Authors

Key words:

finite difference method in the time domain, boundary conditions, calculated area, absorbing boundary

Annotation:

The paper considers absorbing boundary conditions for the finite-difference method in the time-domain, based on multiple absorbing surfaces. Their application simplifies the task of calculating electromagnetic fields in computer programs. The rationale for the use of multiple absorbing surfaces based on the Higdon operator is present. The method of selecting a suitable approximation function according to the criterion of minimizing transmission errors is described. The comparison of absorbing boundary conditions created on the basis of multiple absorbing surfaces and method of PML-layers is carried out. The analysis of the results of numeral modeling of various variants of the implementation of absorbing boundary conditions is presented, their effectiveness is considered by the criterion of minimum relative error. The high efficiency of absorbing boundary conditions based on multiple absorbing surface in calculated areas located in free space is shown.

Pages84-93

Code UDC:621.396

Authors

Key words:

test bench, hydroballistic, underwater launch, testing, test equipment, supercavitation, supercavitating strikers

Annotation:

The article deals with the issues arising during the development and design of a hydroballistic stand for testing supercavitating strikers (SKU) during their underwater cannon launch. The analysis of the ways of their solution applied when creating an installation of this type using the material and technical base of Special Materials Corp. is carried out. Examples of purchased products used in the design are given, indicating and justifying their critical parameters for the proper functioning of the hydroballistic stand. The issues of creating additional equipment for conducting underwater ballistic tests of firing systems with supercavitating strikers were also considered. Both the resulting structures and the possibility of their integration into the developed hydroballistic stand are analyzed.

Pages94-100

Code UDC:621.45.018.2

Authors

Key words:

specific reconnaissance, temporary contact, column, route, planning method, relocation, special unit

Annotation:

The relevance of the work is due to the wide availability of species reconnaissance tools to foreign armies and illegal military formations, which makes it difficult to ensure the secrecy of the actions of special units. The purpose of the work is to increase the protection of special units from the means of species reconnaissance during movement. Based on the methods of analytical geometry, probability theory, optimization and evaluation of intelligence protection, a method for determining the order of movements of special units in the conditions of species reconnaissance has been developed. The novelty of the method is that in it, as a criterion for determining the optimality of the route, the predicted value of the possibility of conducting species reconnaissance by the opposing side is used. The developed method can be used to create software for decision support systems in special action planning systems.

Pages101-111

Code UDC:623.618

Authors

Key words:

security equipment, unmanned aerial vehicle, ground-based digital phototopographic method, digital spatial terrain model, aerial photography, security, surveillance

Annotation:

The widespread introduction of technical means of protection is now mandatory in the design of any important objects. Currently, the methodology of planning and organizing surveillance using three-dimensional models of protected objects is actively used. The article substantiates the technology of creating digital spatial models of the terrain for the organization of the protection of important objects based on the ground digital phototopographic method. The proposed technology, unlike the existing ones, can significantly speed up and reduce the cost of creating three-dimensional terrain models used to compile technical documentation for the organization of object observation. The article also suggests the recommended composition of equipment for the implementation of technology in the absence of destructive environmental influences.

Pages112-118

Code UDC:623.646

Authors

Key words:

complex of active protection of the object, homodyne receiving-transmitting module, parametric characteristics, coordinates of the attacking ammunition, coordinate measurement errors

Annotation:

The article presents the results of the authors’ research on the formation of the technical appearance of a radar target designator that provides a complex of active protection of an object with the necessary information to repel enemy attacking ammunition (AM), which moving at the protected object from any direction within the range from 0º to 360º in azimuth and from 0º to 90º in elevation with high intensity. A modified method of target designation is presented, as well as a variant of the technical implementation of the active protection system of an object within the upper hemisphere relative to it is proposed. The technical implementation of the modified radar designator will lead to an increase in the efficiency of the use of systems for the active protection of objects from AМ.

Pages119-129

Code UDC:621.391

Authors

Key words:

anti-cumulative protection, reactive cumulative grenade, protection device, screens, grid, grid

Annotation:

The purpose of the article is to analyze the experience and prospects of developing passive protection devices against the damaging effects of reactive cumulative grenades on vehicles, armored combat vehicles and stationary objects of various infrastructures. The analysis of existing samples of protective devices and design solutions based on various design options for protective devices and the features of their designs is carried out. An assessment of possible prospects and directions for the creation of passive protection devices against the damaging effects of cumulative grenades has been carried out. It has been established that the most promising is a combined version of protective devices based on the use of metal screens and screens made of woven material created from high-strength synthetic yarn.

Pages130-137

Code UDC:623.093

Authors

Key words:

non-lethal weapons, efficiency, mathematical model, crowd, spread of panic

Annotation:

A model is proposed to evaluate the effectiveness of special operations using non-lethal weapons (NLW). The model makes it possible to study the panic behavior of a group of biological objects in dynamics, to identify the foci and direction of the spread of panic, to describe various scenarios of operations in urban conditions with natural obstacles and the impact on people of various irritating factors. Test calculations of the behavior of groups of people in calm and panic states in different environments under the influence of a set of irritating factors both on the crowd as a whole and on individual objects are given. An example of using the model to make a decision on choosing the most effective non-lethal ammunition for conducting an operation to establish control over an illegal mass gathering of citizens is presented.

Pages138-149

Code UDC:623.4.011

Authors

Key words:

evacuation, wheeled, tracked, vehicles, combat operations, first aid

Annotation:

The article discusses the means of rescue and evacuation of the wounded and can be used as part of wheeled and tracked vehicles during their operation in combat conditions. With the beginning of a special military operation, there was a need to improve first aid in the conditions of modern war. Removing the wounded from hard-to-reach places, especially from combat vehicles (for example, tanks) is a complex and responsible business that requires certain skills, caution, understanding of the nature of the wound and the condition of the wounded. Removing a wounded person from a combat vehicle is associated with sudden movements that can lead to deterioration of the wounded person’s condition. A variant of the evacuation substrate for the seats of the crew members of tracked and wheeled vehicles is proposed. in order to increase the efficiency of the evacuation of wounded from combat vehicles and reduce the likelihood of secondary injury.

Pages150-154

Code UDC:629.1

Authors

Key words:

aramid ballistic fabric, chemical compositions, anti-fragmentation resistance index, polyvinyl alcohol, sulfuric acid, monochloroacetic acid, 1,6-hexanediol

Annotation:

Methods for increasing the protective characteristics of ballistic aramid fabrics through treatment with chemical compounds are considered. It has been shown that treating ballistic aramid fabric with a solution of polyvinyl alcohol and a solution of sulfuric acid increases the anti-fragmentation resistance in comparison with the original ballistic fabric by 13 %. Sequential treatment of ballistic aramid fabric with a solution of monochloroacetic acid, a solution of polyvinyl alcohol and a solution of sulfuric acid increases the antifragmentation resistance in comparison with the original ballistic fabric by 22%. Sequential treatment of ballistic aramid fabric with a solution of monochloroacetic acid, a solution of 1,6-hexanediol and a solution of sulfuric acid increases the anti-fragmentation resistance in comparison with the original ballistic fabric by 31 %.

Pages155-160

Code UDC:623.4

Authors

Key words:

polymer coating, supersonic spraying, quality indicators, strength, uniformity, spraying method

Annotation:

Polymer coatings are widely used to ensure the reliability and survivability of specialpurpose equipment. The method of supersonic spraying of polymer coatings with a multijet supply of spraying gas is considered. Empirical dependences are obtained: the average diameter of the droplets of the sprayed composition, the strength of the polymer coating when detached from the substrate, as well as when stretched, on the parameters of supersonic spraying. The following parameters of supersonic spraying contribute to a decrease in the average diameter of the droplets of the sprayed composition and an increase in the strength of the polymer coating: an increase in the number of gas supply nozzles, a decrease in the diameter of the feed channel of the sprayed composition, an increase in the Mach criterion at the outlet of the nozzles. A causal relationship has been established between the parameters of supersonic spraying, the droplet sizes of the sprayed composition, the uniformity of the mixture sprayed on the coated surface and the strength of the cured polymer coating.

Pages161-168

Code UDC:678.026

Authors

Key words:

control and verification equipment, methodology, structure, technical level

Annotation:

The article is devoted to the study of the issue of ensuring a high level of technical novelty of a complex technical system (STS), which is directly related to the type and nomenclature of elements included in the control and verification equipment (KPA). The need for research is explained by the significant dependence of the technical level (TU) on changes in the physical properties and capabilities of the STS under consideration, which in turn entails the need to introduce such technical solutions in which the TU indicator will be determined by the ratio of utility parameters to the sum of products of cost parameters. The proposed technique allows you to set the full volume of equipment, while eliminating oversaturation of such equipment by cutting off those structural elements whose reliability is high enough, which is ensured by establishing a criterion for determining the need for a control element.

Pages169-175

Code UDC:358.1

Authors

Key words:

optical and optoelectronic means (OES), OES glare, reflective characteristics, measuring installation, light reflectance index, direction finding characteristic

Annotation:

Knowledge of the reflective characteristics of optical and optoelectronic devices (OES) allows one to assess the degree of their unmasking under laser illumination, which is important for both sides of participants in modern optoelectronic warfare. Reflective characteristics are measured in laboratory conditions using special installations. A diagram of a laboratory setup for measuring the reflective characteristics of optical and optoelectronic devices is presented. The correctness of the technical requirements for its elements, high accuracy and performance characteristics have been confirmed. The possibility of further modernization of the installation has been established. Using a laboratory installation, the values of the retroreflection index of the television camera of the FIMI X8 SE 2022 XIAOMI quadcopter were obtained, allowing one to estimate the detection range of the camera using laser ranging systems.

Pages176-182

Code UDC:535.31; 623.4.016; 623.4.021.2