Authors

Key words:

OFDM-signals, digital communication systems, pilot tones, subcarrier, channel estimation, quadrature amplitude modulation

Annotation:

The paper is devoted to the development of an analytical model of the transceiver of signals with orthogonal frequency densification (OFDM-signals) and quadrature amplitude manipulation of subcarriers. The chosen structural scheme of the developed model, realizes two-stage frequency conversion in the transmitting and receiving parts, which will significantly reduce the mutual influence of the components of the OFDM-signal. An important part of the study is the estimation of bit error in the transceiver with OFDM-signals and QAM-16 modulation, depending on the number of selected pilot tones, subcarriers and the value of the signal-tonoise ratio. The purpose of this paper is to develop and study the transceiver with OFDMsignals and QAM-16 modulation using an analytical model implemented in the Python software environment to determine the effect on the bit error of the number of selected pilot tones and subcarriers, as well as changes in the signal-to-noise ratio.

Pages3-8

Code UDC:621.396.4

Authors

Key words:

crucial object, diversionno-prospecting group, the anti-tank guided missile, an antimissile mine, weight of a charge, optimisation

Annotation:

For a way of territorial protection of crucial objects from the anti-tank guided missiles applied by diversionary prospecting groups in the conditions of modern hybrid wars, based on application of the antimissile mines placed on perimetre of protected territory, the technique and iterative algorithm are developed for calculation of weight of the charge demanded for overturning (withdrawal) the rocket at blasting of a charge on set removal, at detection and rocket recognition by a not contact detonator. Calculations of the minimum weight of a charge are executed for 4 types of anti-tank guided missiles: TOW-2B, HOT, Hellfire, Milan, with a range of speeds of flight 200…475 km/s. One of the basic amazing factors influencing the rocket, the air shock wave formed at blasting of an antimissile mine is. Its efficiency as amazing factor is defined by weight and type of a charge of explosive, and also a place of blasting of a mine concerning the rocket.

Pages9-15

Code UDC:532.5; 539.5

Authors

Key words:

Linux server cluster, kubernetes, cluster integrity, probability of detecting critical deviations, machine learning, classification and clustering algorithms, statistical analysis, mathematical optimization

Annotation:

The article discusses the problem of ensuring the integrity of a Linux server cluster managed by Kubernetes. In the process of work, available software complexes that provide cluster integrity (Luntry, Sematext, Kubernetes Dashboard, Kubewatch, Prometheus, Grafana, Jaeger) were analyzed. It is shown that one of their main drawbacks is the lack of visualization of critical deviations. This complicates prompt response to possible problems and increases the time for their detection and elimination. In addition, other shortcomings were identified, which were taken into account when developing a solution to the problem. A mathematical model was proposed based on a machine learning approach methods of mathematical statistics and mathematical optimization. It is shown that the implementation of the proposed model allows to ensure the integrity of the cluster by increasing the probability of detection of critical deviations.

Pages16-26

Code UDC:004.056.2

Authors

Key words:

unmanned aerial vehicle, chess maze, automata behavior, action planning, route optimization, Tremo algorithm

Annotation:

The article examines the problem of passing a maze by automatic machines, in particular unmanned aerial vehicles, operating in the absence of external navigation satellite signals and operator control commands, in a confined space. The general features of the formulation of problems of traversing chess labyrinths by intelligent agents are discussed. A model for representing the studied labyrinth in the form of a 3D array and a minimum cell size geometrically equal to the size of an unmanned aerial vehicle is proposed. The possible architecture of intelligent agents and a combined algorithm of their joint actions capable of recognizing a labyrinth, creating a map of the object under study are considered. A technical solution has been proposed that makes it possible to significantly optimize the Tremo algorithm, the movements of an intelligent agent, by leaving ultraviolet marks on the walls of the maze.

Pages27-32

Code UDC:004.048

Authors

Key words:

crane and manipulator unit, working platform, hydraulic cylinder, inclined platform, turntable, direct kinematics problem, absolute coordinate system, generalized coordinates

Annotation:

The article solves the direct and inverse problem of the kinematics of the manipulator, in particular, in special military equipment — a crane and manipulator unit (CMU). The kinematic scheme of the crane-manipulator installation is presented and on the basis of it, taking into account the geometric-kinematic dependencies, its design scheme has been developed. Using the tool of vector algebra — the matrix of rotation around the coordinate axes, matrix equations of kinematics were compiled to determine the position of the working body of the CMU at any time from the angles of rotation of its links, and also to find these angles of rotation (generalized coordinates) as a function of the coordinates of its working body (grip). In the future, this will help determine the working area of the investigated CMU manipulator when working with various objects of military transport equipment, which will increase the efficiency and mobility of its operation.

Pages33-39

Code UDC:621.865.8

Authors

Key words:

OFDM, noise immunity, unintentional pulse interference, linear frequency modulation

Annotation:

The article presents the results of a study of the noise immunity of a satellite communication channel, in which OFDM technology is implemented, under the influence of pulse interference with linear frequency modulation. A simulation model of a satellite communication channel is presented, with the help of which estimates of the average probability of channel bit and information bit errors are obtained depending on the ratio of the duration of the interference pulse and the OFDM-symbol at different signal/ interference ratios. It is proved that the dependence of the signal-to-noise ratio on the ratio of the duration of the interference pulse to the duration of the OFDM-symbol with a fixed probability of bit error is nonlinear and has local maxima. Measures to increase the noise immunity of communication channels under the influence with linear frequency modulation are indicated.

Pages40-45

Code UDC:621.396

Authors

Key words:

transmitting radio center, control technique, resource, phased array, radiation pattern, finite difference method in the time domain

Annotation:

The materials of the article are devoted to the issue of managing the spatial and energy resources of the transmitting radio center, taking into account the position, size and macroscopic parameters of all objects of the radio center. The task of creating a management methodology was decomposed into internal and external. Their solutions are shown, which are based on the matrix method and the finite difference time domain method, respectively. The article presents the formulation of the problem, input and output data of the methodology, as well as its block diagram. The stages of formation of an array of tuning data and management of spatial-energy resources are considered in detail, which make it possible in the required direction to form the necessary radiation pattern of the subarrays of an active phased antenna array, taking into account the peculiarities of the placement of all objects of the radio center.

Pages46-53

Code UDC:621.396

Authors

Key words:

computer incidents, unauthorized access, DNS tunnel, transmission channel, gateway, state identification, malicious software, network interactions

Annotation:

The article discusses the structure of the DNS tunnel, the stages of deployment, and also provides a method for identifying a hidden data transmission channel based on the identification of network interaction states, taking into account the features of the DNS service, using which the possibility of computer attacks is being developed. To identify these channels, an analysis of the functioning features of the main elements of domain name services is carried out. To solve the problem of detecting a computer attack using a kind of covert data transmission channel, a technology for identifying network interaction states has been developed, based on which key parameters of malicious traffic are identified. Further, they are used as signatures underlying the prediction of the states of a vulnerable profile from a variety of possible ones.

Pages54-60

Code UDC:004.057.4

Authors

Key words:

malicious software, neural network, image of malicious software, machine learning, artificial intelligence

Annotation:

This article presents an approach to the classification and recognition of malicious software based on artificial intelligence methods. To solve the recognition problem, an algorithm of super-random trees was chosen, in which the process of building trees is repeated several times, forming an ensemble. An algorithm was proposed that evaluates the importance of each feature. After the malware is detected, in order to more effectively neutralize it, it is proposed to classify it. As a mathematical device, a neural network is used, at the input of which malicious code is received, represented by an image of a certain type. The developed approach allows you to fairly accurately recognize malicious software and determine which class it belongs to.

Pages61-67

Code UDC:004.056

Authors

Key words:

unmanned aerial vehicle, detection, recognition, acoustic sensor, noise sector, spectrogram.

Annotation:

Recently, the method of detecting unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) by analyzing the sounds they make is of great interest to researchers. The article contains an extensive list of publications devoted to acoustic methods of UAV detection. The analysis of emitted sounds in combination with signals from radar stations (radars) and other sensors can increase the probability of detection and recognition of aerial targets. The article contains consideration of a number of issues regarding the capabilities of detecting and recognizing small UAVs by acoustic detection systems. A number of studies have shown that the spectrum of UAV acoustic radiation is determined by harmonic and broadband components. There are dependences of the sound pressure level recorded by an acoustic sensor on range for few UAVs in article. Drones with the lowest noise level have been identified and possible directions for increasing the efficiency of acoustic detection systems have been identified.

Pages68-75

Code UDC:623; 534.222

Authors

Key words:

security, protected car, armored car, mobility, local protection zones, average speed, protection class

Annotation:

The article presents an analysis of the emergence and development of protected vehicles, taking into account the experience and trends in the development of a special military operation on the territory of Ukraine. An analysis of the indicators of the main properties was carried out: security and mobility of protected vehicles. The main directions of development of protected vehicles are considered, and the most promising implementations in terms of efficiency are highlighted. The influence of specific engine power and wheel load on the average speed of a protected vehicle on various road surfaces has been established. Promising directions for the further development of protected vehicles have been identified by increasing their security while simultaneously improving mobility by rationally redistributing the security of their local zones according to a set of indicators: exposure to enemy damaging factors and the influence of the affected area on the overall combat capability of the protected vehicle, depending on the degree of its damage.

Pages76-83

Code UDC:623.437.093

Authors

Key words:

truck, deformability, impact, anti-ram barrier, requirements to the ramming barriers

Annotation:

Models of deformability of structures of an anti-ram barrier of the «rising roadbed» type and a high-traffic truck are presented. The results of calculations show that hitting a truck on an anti-ram barrier at high speed leads to a complete stop of the car, at the same time, overcoming the barrier at low speed can lead to its destruction and unauthorized passage of the car through the guarded border. The specified method of overcoming should be taken into account in the design of the anti-ram barrier. According to the results of the research, the requirements for anti-ram barriers are set — in terms of resistance to loads arising at low speeds of a car collision, as well as the exclusion of the possibility of unhindered moving of the barrier by car, and the methods of their testing — in terms of mandatory practical verification of the barrier of the possibility of overcoming it at low speed.

Pages84-90

Code UDC:654.9

Authors

Key words:

building of the military commissariat, act of terrorism, technical protection system, technical means of protection

Annotation:

Under the conditions of a special military operation, the task of ensuring the security of the buildings of military commissariats, which are distinguished by their increased vulnerability to terrorist attacks and criminal attacks of a violent nature, is of particular importance. Based on the analysis, it is shown that the buildings of the military commissariats of municipalities are not sufficiently equipped with technical systems and means of protection, which is the reason for the massive damage to them by criminal elements. It is recommended to include in the technical systems and means of protection a wide range of products developed and manufactured by NPO Spetsmaterialov JSC, which will make it possible to exclude the possibility of unauthorized persons entering the buildings of military commissariats, limit their presence in the adjacent territories, and also minimize damage to the buildings of military commissariats when committing terrorist acts from adjacent territories.

Pages91-100

Code UDC:623.4

Authors

Key words:

creation, operation, radio electronics, virtual domain, acquisition

Annotation:

Modern military-political threats require a quick reaction of the military organization of the state to their occurrence in the form of the timely creation of high-tech weapon systems or the modernization of existing ones. At the same time, the quality of the organization of the design and testing processes of the products being created largely determines the combat effectiveness of the samples themselves and the parameters of their life cycle. Under these conditions, the control of the development and production of weapons and military equipment ensures the prompt identification of sample inconsistencies with customer requirements and the formation of the necessary actions to eliminate them. The article analyzes foreign experience in monitoring life cycle processes, describes the structure of the life cycle and the procedure for its implementation, and considers the main parameters and criteria for control.

Pages101-108

Code UDC:355

Authors

Key words:

military complexes, spare parts supply system, method, replenishment process, stock, model

Annotation:

The article presents a method for justifying the process of replenishment of stocks based on determining the scope of applicability based on reliability-cost dependencies in the hierarchical system for providing spare parts and accessories for military complexes, which allows to maximize the availability of weapons models in conditions of financial and reliability restrictions for the replenishment process. The method takes into account the influence of reliability-cost dependencies on the boundaries of the areas of applicability of processes of continuous and periodic replenishment, periodic with emergency deliveries and the level of minimum stock in the spare parts supply system, which makes it possible to justify the process of replenishment of stocks according to the criterion of maximum availability factor.

Pages109-117

Code UDC:623.4.01

Authors

Key words:

areal target, cluster munitions, planning bomb cluster, destruction of parking

Annotation:

The paper considers the use of aviation weapons of destruction for area targets, the defeat of which is associated with a large expenditure ammunition. The analysis of elongated areal and group targets, as well as existing aviation weapons used in their defeat, is carried out. By elongated, we mean a goal in which the ratio of the linear dimensions of the front (length) and depth (width) exceeds 3:1, for example, a column of troops on the march. Based on the analysis, a scheme of a planning bomb cluster designed to defeat elongated areal and group targets is proposed and justified. The schematic diagram of devices implementing the spread of combat elements is proposed, as well as two types of combat elements (shot, with the possibility of above-ground detonation, and free-falling with contact detonation), providing an increase in the considered targets strike probability.

Pages118-125

Code UDC:623.451.74; 623.4.011

Authors

Key words:

tracked fuel and oil refueler, advanced model, Arctic region, fuel service, natural and climatic conditions, state security

Annotation:

The article considers the issue of providing fuel and lubricants for weapons, military and special equipment in the harsh climatic conditions of the Far North and the Arctic. A brief analysis of the structure of the technical park of parts of the Arctic region is carried out. The main vectors of development of this direction are indicated, which form the prerequisites for the creation of an Arctic technical means of fuel service — a tracked fuel tanker, in fact, being a dual–use vehicle, taking into account the significant role of the interaction of the military and civilian sectors of the economy and industry in northern latitudes. The description of the sample is given, its main tactical and technical characteristics and technical solutions are presented, allowing to expand the functionality, increase the efficiency of its use in difficult natural and climatic conditions due to high cross-country ability, maneuverability and autonomy.

Pages126-133

Code UDC:623.1.7

Authors

Key words:

protective glass, armor-piercing bullet, ballistic tests, etching, hardening, mass, surface density

Annotation:

The basic requirements for transparent armor have remained unchanged for many years. Transparent armor must have maximum transmission in the operating spectral range, not cause additional distortion of the resulting images, and provide the required level of protection against high-velocity destructive elements. But in all cases of application it is necessary to minimize the thickness of transparent armor while unconditionally maintaining its protective properties. To strengthen silicate glasses, surface hardening, chemical etching, and ion exchange are used. Work has been carried out on chemical strengthening of silicate glasses 10 mm thick. Prototypes of protective glass (blocks) for the mass-produced Bulat armored shield with dimensions of 110×200 mm have been collected. Ballistic tests have confirmed that blocks of strengthened glass with thicknesses of 51–70 mm and a surface density of 123–162 kg/m2 provide protection when firing from a 7,62 mm SVD rifle with ind. cartridges. 7-BZ-3 with a B-32 bullet with a heat-strengthened core (protection class Br5 according to GOST 30826).

Pages134-139

Code UDC:623.093, 623.445.35

Authors

Key words:

multilayer coating, dimensional chain, compensating layer, dimensional accuracy

Annotation:

The multilayer coating is a structural element that ensures its operability. The thickness of the coating layer is the main indicator of quality. The rationally specified accuracy of the coating layers guarantees the reliability of the product. Achieving high dimensional accuracy of a product with a multilayer coating is characterized by high labor intensity and requires mechanical processing of each layer or the use of shaping equipment. The application of the method of the specified compensating layer allows to achieve high dimensional accuracy of the product with a multilayer coating while minimizing mechanical processing and without the use of shaping equipment. A technique has been developed to achieve dimensional accuracy of a multi-coated product by refining the compensating layer by machining or applying regulatory layers.

Pages140-148

Code UDC:667.6

Authors

Key words:

launch structures, refractory foam concrete, flues, fire protection, laboratory installation of liquid propellant

Annotation:

The paper shows an analysis of design solutions and heat-resistant materials used in them, as well as their main defects during the gas-dynamic impact from the launch of space rockets. The possibility of using the developed composition of heat-resistant foam concrete based on Portland cement and fiber fiber in the structures of the gas flue of launch facilities, in order to protect it from gas dynamic effects, is considered. The physical and mechanical characteristics of heat-resistant foam concrete that meet the necessary requirements for use in the flues of launch facilities are given. The results of a full-scale experiment of heatresistant foam concrete on a laboratory liquid rocket engine installation are presented. As a result of the experiment, it was found that the samples of ZHPB withstood 10 inclusions of the laboratory installation without destruction. It is established in the work that the absence of cracks and the destruction of samples provides a given strength due to the inclusion of ground bricks and aluminosilicate microspheres as a filler in the composition.

Pages149-155

Code UDC:691

Authors

Key words:

security, military service, hazards, occupational risks, developmental stage, weaponry

Annotation:

This article is concerned with a scientific rationale for including the stage of weaponry development in military service security system as means of occupational risk prevention. It was found that, despite the high degree of the Russian Armed Forces ‘equipment, and mass servicemen’s involvement into the weaponry operations, support and application, the current military service security system mainly included measures for an ongoing monitoring of daily troops’ activity, which in itself was logical and expected. However, occupational risk prevention among servicemen in the stage of weaponry development lies outside the military service security management system’s format significantly reducing the effectiveness of measures for the personnel’s occupational hazards proofing.

Pages156-163

Code UDC:331.45-057.36:[623:355.014.1](045)

Authors

Key words:

duration, fire extinguishing time, standard time, fire extinguishing, random value

Annotation:

Currently, the duration of fire extinguishing is determined on the basis of an analysis of the practical actions of fire brigade units. But with the development of technologies for the manufacture of building materials, such a fire extinguishing time will change. This article proposes approaches to determine the duration of actions to save people, property and eliminate fire. These proposals are based on determining the probability of extinguishing a fire during the standard time, as well as considering the distribution of the fire extinguishing time and its standard value according to the normal and hypernormal distribution laws, which in turn will make it possible to obtain the result of guaranteed fulfillment of the assigned tasks. The proposed approach can serve as a scientific basis for the development of regulatory and technical documents for extinguishing fires.

Pages164-167

Code UDC:78.01.92

Authors

Key words:

fire safety, robotics, firefighting modeling

Annotation:

Currently existing fire extinguishing means do not fully meet modern requirements for fire extinguishing methodology, especially when extinguishing voluminous, explosive objects. The need to quickly recognize the volume of fire, identify the main fire centers and take appropriate firefighting measures in the current conditions of technological development is extremely urgent. In particular, the development of robot scout devices capable of detecting and transmitting the necessary data to the firefighting control system is one of the promising and major tasks. Various modeling techniques and technologies and their application in the field of fire protection are discussed. Modern fire protection systems, their capabilities and limitations are analyzed. Prospects for the development of computer modeling systems in the field of fire protection are also considered.

Pages168-172

Code UDC:614.842.422