Authors

Key words:

spacecraft, observed space object, optical system, matrix receiver of optical radiation, onboard optoelectronic means

Annotation:

Monitoring the current situation in near-Earth outer space is an important task that must be solved in the interests of preventing dangerous approaches and preventing collisions of domestic spacecraft with various man-made objects of artificial origin. The safe functioning of domestic spacecraft, in the conditions of an ever-increasing number of them, becomes problematic, since the probability of collisions with them increases. It is possible to minimize this probability if we conduct continuous and global observations of the situation in outer space. The issues of ensuring the safety of spacecraft operation in outer space, scientific developments and proposed technical solutions are currently relevant and in demand.

Pages3-10

Code UDC:621.397

Authors

Key words:

international space station, flight correction device, search and detection of a space object, miss, homing task, overtaking and head-on courses

Annotation:

The main particular problems (search, detection, homing) are considered for two possible rendezvous options (on head-on and overtaking courses) with the international space station, the solution of which in the general rendezvous problem makes it possible to determine the required balance of time for solving each of the particular problems and determine the total solution time tasks. The requirements for the times, distances and initial orientation of the velocity vector of a controlled rendezvous object are formulated, which ensure a successful solution of the rendezvous problem. An algorithm is proposed to determine the range of changes in parameter values and the influence of various variable parameters on the required initial distance of the controlled object output to the area of the beginning of rendezvous with the international space station.

Pages11-18

Code UDC:621.396.934

Authors

Key words:

engine, piston ring, change in the number of working engine cylinders, engine cylinder shutdown, piston ring friction coefficient

Annotation:

Dependences are presented for determining the average pressure losses due to friction of the engine piston rings. A method is proposed for determining the friction coefficient of each of the piston rings through the weight coefficients of the characteristic friction modes. A comparative analysis of friction losses of piston rings of an engine with a variable number of operating cylinders has been carried out, as a result of which the method of cutting off the fuel supply is more economically advantageous in comparison with the method of cutting off the fuel supply and stopping the valves in the closed position. The main conditions that determine the value of the average pressure of mechanical losses for two methods of turning off the engine cylinders are considered.

Pages19-24

Code UDC:623.437.093

Authors

Key words:

information tools, radar station, identification, space object

Annotation:

The article proposes an approach that significantly simplifies the decision-making process, as well as reduces the time required to identify space objects (SO). The ability to vary the threshold values, allows you to adapt to a specific identification situation. The decision on identification can be made both with the use of weighting coefficients assigned on the basis of the entropy approach and without it and provides for the possibility of changing both the number of types of SO and the number of identification features.

Pages25-29

Code UDC:004.89; 621.396.969.3

Authors

Key words:

system architecture, smart standards, reverse architecture, artifact analyzer, requirements verification, automated control

Annotation:

The article provides a set of methods for managing the system architecture based on program code. The system control requirements are expressed as machine-readable «Smart Standard» artifacts. Artifacts of the actual system are determined by reverse engineering methods and, at the next stage, are verified in an automated mode using smart standards against previously specified requirements. Approbation of the proposed approaches is illustrated by the example of the development of a module for operational monitoring of the regulatory requirements of complex objects digital twins. Describing the system architecture based on program code allows to implement an extended set of requirements for the architecture of the developed solutions and promotes the implementation of the principles of model-based systems engineering (MBSE).

Pages30-40

Code UDC:004.2

Authors

Key words:

support vessel, ship complex, warships, support system, external design, threestage approach in research design, shipbuilding

Annotation:

The article discusses the main methodological principles: the formation of possible variants of software and a three-stage approach in research design. The relevance of the topic is determined by the need to develop new proposals for the formation of the technical appearance of ships, obtaining a rational set of elements and characteristics of support vessels, and special Navy ships that are able to fulfill their main objective function. The basis for the development of technical projects are the results obtained at the stage of research design using mathematical programs designed to provide a multivariate study of the design concept of the ship, followed by the selection of a specific option for the development of a technical proposal.

Pages41-46

Code UDC:623.828.54

Authors

Key words:

transparent armor, optical characteristics, optoelectronic devices, normative documents, spectral transmission, image quality

Annotation:

The areas of application of transparent armor are considered. It is shown that the demand for protection of optoelectronic devices operating in various spectral ranges with protective windows caused a change in the requirements for optical characteristics. Experimental results are presented proving that the optical properties of the optoelectronic devices can significantly deteriorate, even if the window is not punched. At the same time, the punching of the protective element does not always result in significant degradation in the image quality. It is shown that the optical properties of transparent armor change under the exposure to ultraviolet radiation and the influence of external climatic factors. Proposals for preparation of normative documentation for transparent armor are given.

Pages47-52

Code UDC:575.317; 681.7.066.6

Authors

Key words:

digital antenna arrays, technical condition assessment, built-in control, expert systems, intelligent block for adaptive performance control

Annotation:

The article provides a justification for the need to use intelligent radar detectors (RD) as part of security systems for protected objects. The composition and structure of an intelligent multi-channel radar detector are presented. The use of local self-monitoring systems in RD, identification of failed elements, identification of changes in the conditions of its operation and selection of the most appropriate set of performance control algorithms, taking into account the results of identification of operating conditions, will ensure the required level of protection of protected objects under the influence of modern threats.

Pages53-64

Code UDC:623.624

Authors

Key words:

special purpose optical transport networks, topology of the physical layer of the network, integrated communication network, infocommunication technologies, complex hardware communications

Annotation:

At the physical level, special-purpose optical transport networks are a set of optical devices connected by fiber-optic communication lines. The network structure is the optical ports of devices and the lines between them, and is called the physical layer topology. During the operation of the network, the topology is constantly changing and the network management system needs to maintain up-to-date information about its state in order to solve a number of network problems. Currently, there are many mechanisms for discovering the topology of the physical layer of the network. The article provides a detailed analysis of methods and methods, as well as a study of the possibility of their application in optical transport networks for special purposes.

Pages65-70

Code UDC:004.056

Authors

Key words:

transmitting radio center, electrodynamic similarity, macroscopic parameters, model discretization, elementary cells, finite difference method in the time domain

Annotation:

The materials of the article are devoted to the issue of creating a model of a transmitting radio center, which allows taking into account the position, size and macroscopic parameters of all objects of the radio center. The problem statement, input and output data of the model, as well as the algorithm for its creation are presented. The stages of scaling based on the principle of electrodynamic similarity, discretization of the computational domain by spatial coordinates, recalculation of macroscopic parameters of spatial cells of the scaled model are described in detail. A method for dividing elementary cubic cells into subcells and integrating them into the total calculated volume is presented. A method for determining the components of the field in the grid and illumination when calculating the divergence of the magnetic field inside the grid cell located in the transition plane is considered.

Pages71-78

Code UDC:621.396

Authors

Key words:

proactive protection, fragmentation of packets, availability of information systems

Annotation:

Known methods for the protection of information systems against network reconnaissance, which are based on the simulation of a communication channel with low quality, have a number of disadvantages due to the lack of consideration of the resource costs of the implemented protection procedures. Uncontrolled fragmentation of packets in the information exchange with the network reconnaissance leads to a reduction in availability and consequently to an overload of information systems. A method of protection is presented, which allows to neutralise the shortcomings of analogues, and which is based on adaptive change of values of parameters of fragmentation of response packets to network reconnaissance within standardised rules of establishment and maintenance of a communication session.

Pages79-85

Code UDC:004.77

Authors

Key words:

UHF, DNA, cell, weapons, radiation

Annotation:

There are side effects resulting from the use of traditional weapons, such as the blast wave can cause serious damage to building facilities. Some settlements, such as «Bakhmut», capture (leave) the opposing parties, which also leads to damage to urban infrastructure. The article considers a model of the system «UHF-Man-Technology-Environment», which describes the complex effect of microwave pulse. Currently obtained results on the effect of resonance absorption of microwave fields by DNA proteins, resulting in the rupture of DNA helices. An important difference in the use of weapons based on microwave radiation is the absence of long-term side effects, such as the use of neutron or hydrogen bomb.

Pages86-92

Code UDC:681.5

Authors

Key words:

hunting rifle, cartridge with lead bullet, bullet weight, chemical composition of lead bullet, hardness of a lead bullet

Annotation:

The problematic issues of testing personal armor protection equipment when firing from a 12-gauge hunting rifle with cartridges with lead bullets are considered. It is shown that the content of impurities in the lead bullets produced by the industry is exceeded, which makes it impossible to classify them as lead bullets in accordance with GOST 3778. Also, a limited number of bullets have a mass (34,0 ± 1,0) g, regulated by GOST 34286. Produced assessment of the hardness of mass-produced bullets. A statistical model is obtained for the dependence of the hardness of lead bullets on the content of antimony in them. It is shown that due to the lack of industrial lead bullets that meet the requirements of GOST 34286, it becomes necessary to manufacture them in testing laboratories.

Pages93-101

Code UDC:623.445

Authors

Key words:

coating, wear resistance, hardness, corrosion, strength, cobalt-tungsten carbide

Annotation:

The article presents a method for obtaining hard, wear-resistant composite electrochemical coatings Co-WC with high adhesive strength. Cobalt-tungsten carbide coatings are used to give the surface of parts and tooling high hardness and wear resistance. Obtaining hard wear-resistant coatings on the surface of parts and accessories for industry is an urgent problem. For electrodeposition of composite electrochemical coatings, it is assumed to use an environmentally low-hazard cobalt electrolyte, into which an additive of tungsten carbide will be introduced. The electrodeposition method provides high performance and quality of the applied coating, as well as the ability to adjust its thickness.

Pages102-107

Code UDC:621

Authors

Key words:

coating, spraying unit, modeling, spraying, spray torch, design parameters, technological parameters

Annotation:

Supersonic gas dynamic spraying is used to form high-quality coatings. A circular arrangement of a supersonic atomization unit with a multi-jet gas supply for spraying coatings based on medium and high viscosity liquids is proposed. The structure of the spray torch is analyzed, the processes occurring in its sections are considered. It is shown that the main technological parameter is the velocity of the sprayed particles. Modeling has shown that it is rational to use spray nodes with a Mach number on the cut of the gas supply nozzles from 1,75 to 2,5. For spraying liquids of medium and low viscosity, the angle of inclination of the nozzle axes to the axis of the liquid supply channel from 0° to 8° is suitable, and for viscous liquids, the angle from 12° to 16°.

Pages108-117

Code UDC:678.026.34

Authors

Key words:

diagnostics, monitoring, vehicles, failure, reliability, repair

Annotation:

The article discusses ways to improve the reliability of cars by using on-board monitoring systems and preventing the occurrence of failures of various complexity groups. Maintenance and repair costs are one of the most important operational indicators of any technical system. Their minimization in cases where the system is maintainable is practically impossible without effective monitoring of the system condition. In modern monitoring and diagnostic tools, at least in modern engines, sensors and sensors are the main type of monitoring, actively displacing many other external methods. The reasons are not only that the built-in diagnostics is more efficient, and there is a tendency to quickly reduce the costs of its implementation, but also that you can start diagnostics at any time, including during the operation of transport.

Pages118-124

Code UDC:629.36

Authors

Key words:

foam coating, foam stabilization, foam stability, complex additive, masking

Annotation:

The article analyzes the synthesis of foam used as foam coatings to reduce the visibility of the elements of the critical facilities (CF), based on various mechanisms of foam stabilization, in order to increase the duration of the masking effect by introducing various complex additives into the foaming composition. A comprehensive application of foam stabilization mechanisms is proposed. The results of experimental studies on the stabilization of foam used as foam coatings to reduce the visibility of the elements of the CF, indicating an increase in the stability of the foam several times, are presented. Recommendations on the application of a new technological solution consisting in the introduction of cement directly into the foaming composition followed by whipping foam, which can be implemented in the manufacture of foam concrete of low densities, are proposed.

Pages125-130

Code UDC:623.77

Authors

Key words:

Solar cells, photoelectrochemical converters, silicon, mesoporous titanium dioxide, peroskite, nanomaterials

Annotation:

The paper shows the fundamental possibility of creating silicon-free photoelectrochemical converters based on coordination compounds and perovskite structures. DSSCs layouts have been manufactured and tested. Methods for obtaining nanodispersed titanium dioxide with a predominant anatase structure have been developed. Flexible conductive cathodes based on PEDOT were used in the DSSCs layouts. Models of perovskite solar panels have been developed and manufactured and the voltage-voltage characteristics of the FEX based on them have been determined. It has been established that the efficiency of perovskite PEHS, depending on the method of their preparation, ranges from 4,1 to 13,2 %. Degradation of perovskite PEHS during their storage in laboratory conditions (temperature 20–25 0C, relative humidity ~ 50 %) has been established.

Pages131-138

Code UDC:541.138