Authors

Key words:

clustering, trajectory tracking, maneuvering aircraft

Annotation:

The article describes the content of the method of trajectory tracking of maneuvering aircraft (MA) moving as part of a compact group, by means of information surveillance using the fuzzy cluster analysis algorithm. The results of a computational experiment on the application of the developed method when accompanied by 60 MAs from a single grouping are presented. It is shown that the application of the proposed method using the fuzzy cluster analysis algorithm makes it possible to significantly reduce the number of gross errors, increase the effectiveness of the identification process of marks obtained by information surveillance tools when accompanied by a group of MAs. The evaluation of the effectiveness of the developed method in a dynamically changing interference environment is also carried out.

Pages3-10

Code UDC:004.89; 621.396.969.3

Authors

Key words:

link of variable length, adjustable stiffness, algorithm, control, protective exoskeleton, Lagrange equations of the second kind, numerical-analytical modeling

Annotation:

A model is proposed that, in a first approximation, describes the behavior of a magnetic rheological fluid used in a link of variable length with adjustable stiffness for possible use in creating a protective exoskeleton. The exoskeleton links can change their length in a controlled manner under the action of external loads and the reaction of the magnetic rheological fluid. The link consists of an absolutely solid weighty rod with a piston and a body filled with magnetic rheological fluid. Protective elements are supposed to be attached to the link body, protecting the user during the performance of a combat mission from the damaging elements of the enemy. An algorithm for controlling the link model based on setting a control moment in the hinge and applying an external magnetic field to change the link stiffness as necessary is proposed. A numerical analysis of the movement of the exoskeleton link is carried out.

Pages11-19

Code UDC:531.3

Authors

Key words:

spectroscopic data, running attenuation of a signal in standard atmosphere, high-speed radio relay lines, area of the highest frequencies

Annotation:

The discrepancy between the spectroscopic data used in the Russian-language version of the ITU-R Recommendation P.676-12 "Attenuation in atmospheric gases and associated effects" (ed. 08.2019) with similar data of foreign-language versions was revealed. It is assumed that there are significant errors in the calculations of signal attenuation. An algorithm has been developed for calculating the absolute and relative errors of linear attenuation of the signal in a standard atmosphere to automate the selection of reference values of linear attenuation. Dependences of the specified signal attenuation errors in the frequency range 0-1000 GHz are obtained. It is concluded that it is unacceptable to use the Russian version of the Recommendation, especially when designing high-speed radio relay lines (in the area of extremely high frequencies).

Pages20-26

Code UDC:621.396

Authors

Key words:

multiplexing voice data, speech transmission protocols, recognition of the structure of Protocol Data Units

Annotation:

The article proposes a method of identifying the structure of protocol blocks with multi-plexing of speech data at the application level, which are transmitted via satellite communication systems on geostationary orbits. There are many different protocols for equipment interaction in tel-ecommunication networks today. Among this multitude there are many non-standardized protocols. Under certain conditions there is uncertainty about the structure of Protocol Data Units (PDU). This does not allow for the processing of protocol data blocks. It makes it difficult to gain access to the transmitted information. The method proposed by the authors is based on the identified informative features of structural element recognition: «segment length», «sequence number» and «timestamp». In addition, the method is based on the synthesis of a set of alternatives of different variants of their interposition. The article presents an assessment of the time required to identify the structure of the PDU and assessment of the reliability of the identification of the structure of protocol data blocks.

Pages27-34

Code UDC:621.391

Authors

Key words:

rocket, multi-stage detonation rocket engine (DRE), working fluid, discarded engine stages, explosive (explosive), detonation, kinetic means of destruction (KMD)

Annotation:

Various types of rocket engines with continuous thrust and flow of the working fluid (turbojet, liquid propellant) and with pulsed thrust and flow of the working fluid (DRE) are considered. It is shown that all these engines, including artillery installations, can be considered as a type of rocket engines with continuous and pulsed thrust and flow rate of the working fluid. A theory and model of the dynamics of rockets with a rocket launcher have been developed, based on the relationship of rocket pulses and discarded stages with detonation fuel, indicating a unified physics of the movement of rockets with different types of rocket engines. The reliability of the theory is confirmed by the complete coincidence of the theoretical estimate and the experimental value of the rocket velocity with the DRE.

Pages35-46

Code UDC:623.442.75

Authors

Key words:

unmanned aerial vehicle, physical protection system, potentially dangerous object, fire means of destruction of the guard, the effectiveness of the functioning of the NWF, the probability of hitting the BLA, security perimeter, fire lane, security and restricted areas of the fire protection zone

Annotation:

A model for evaluating the effectiveness of the functioning of the physical protection system (PSS) in the event of an attack by an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) on a potentially dangerous object (PHO) has been developed, the basis of which is the duel of the PPS and UAV of a duel type, based on a Markov process with discrete states and continuous time. On the basis of a computational experiment, an assessment was made of the effectiveness of the functioning of the defense system against UAVs during a single attack and a group raid for various equipment options and the length of security zones. It is shown that in order to increase the efficiency of the PPS functioning, special studies are required to determine the control actions to improve the range of fire weapons for the destruction of the guard.

Pages47-54

Code UDC:623.746

Authors

Key words:

survivability, objects, means of air attack, attacking ammunition, protection

Annotation:

In the article the authors consider the method of justification of measures to ensure the survivability of the railway direction (RRS) as a complex multilevel network system to ensure strategic mobility of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. The essence of the method proposed by the authors is to decompose the system into fragments, groups of objects, objects, critical elements of objects, and to solve the problem at the level of objects. Engineering measures, passive countermeasures against attacking munitions, active protection, and restoration of affected elements are considered as measures to ensure the survivability of the railroad track. At the final stage of application of the offered method the estimation of possible volumes of railway line damage and measures on their restoration is made.

Pages55-61

Code UDC:621.45.017; 623.09

Authors

Key words:

sniper weapons, barrel vibrations, dispersion characteristics

Annotation:

Based on the study of slow-motion video of a firearm shot, an assumption made about the causes of the excitation of the oscillatory movement of the barrel of the weapon. A mathematical model describing the oscillatory motion of the barrel under the influence of an exciting force has been compiled. Theoretical studies of the barrel oscillation made it possible to determine an additional throwing angle and the movement of the muzzle at the time of the shot. The results of mathematical modeling show that there are fluctuations in the barrel when fired from a target sniper rifle, which contribute to the dispersion of hits during shooting by creating an additional throwing angle.

Pages80-86

Code UDC:623.4.01

Authors

Key words:

reconnaissance and fire system, hitting of a mobile object, rules of shooting and fire control, firing efficiency

Annotation:

The article analyzes the existing rules and methods of performing firing tasks by formations of Rocket troops and artillery to defeat mobile objects. Taking into account the dynamics of modern combat operations, the general and particular tasks of improving approaches to the organization of their implementation are set. A comprehensive analysis of the process of destruction of a mobile object was carried out and a mathematical model of the functioning of the reconnaissance and fire system of destruction of a mobile object was formed, during the analysis of which ways to improve the efficiency of performing fire tasks of destruction of mobile objects were proposed and the justification of the correctness of their choice using the apparatus of the theory of evaluation of the effectiveness of shooting was carried out.

Pages87-96

Code UDC:623.51

Authors

Key words:

small arms, bullet, submachine gun, sniper rifle, maximum penetration range, bullet speed, forecasting

Annotation:

An algorithm has been proposed and a methodology has been developed for estimating the maximum range of penetrating lightly armored targets and defeating personnel in bulletproof personal armor protection equipment of various levels of the protective structure with bullets from small arms samples. The methodology involves the consistent solution of the following tasks: establishing for a certain range of cartridges the dependences of bullet velocities on their flight range when firing from a specific sample of small arms; assessment of the bullet resistance of armored plates of given levels of protective structures in the established range of bullet velocities; forecasting the maximum range of penetrating lightly armored targets and defeating personnel in bulletproof personal armor protection of given levels of the protective structure with bullets from small arms samples.

Pages97-103

Code UDC:623.4

Authors

Key words:

service equipment of employees, personal protective equipment, protection class

Annotation:

The relevance of the topic of the article is due to the need to develop and improve modern service equipment of employees of the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation in the interests of ensuring an increase in the efficiency of performing operational and service tasks, since service equipment is the most important generalizing characteristic of modern weapons, special equipment, special equipment and uniforms. Based on the conducted research of the currently existing elements and sets of service equipment of employees of the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation, it is concluded that it is necessary to create a basic set of equipment that allows making changes to it depending on the tasks being solved during service. The minimum level of employee protection during service is justified — at the level of protection classes Br1 and S.

Pages104-108

Code UDC:620.168

Authors

Key words:

forced stop devices, anti-ram devices, road barriers, efficiency, penetration, hardness, supports, clearance

Annotation:

Ensuring controlled access to the territory of a protected facility is one of the main elements in the organization of a security system aimed at increasing protection from illegal acts, including terrorist acts. The effectiveness of the functioning of means of forced stopping of vehicles made in the form of a horizontal axial beam with power supports placed on it is determined by the shape and material of the nodes interacting with the road surface. It is shown that in order to ensure the effective operation of such means, high-strength steels with a hardness above 7.0 units on the Mohs scale should be selected as the material of these nodes, the area of interaction with the roadbed should be minimized.

Pages109-118

Code UDC:62-1; 62-5; 62-9; 629.33

Authors

Key words:

armor protection, ceramics, composite materials, glass-ceramics, armored sitall

Annotation:

The use of armor-piercing bullets in recent armed conflicts for firing at an enemy equipped with personal protective equipment (PPE) — helmets and bulletproof vests, has necessitated changes in the Armor Protection Standards both in the Russian Federation and abroad. This paper provides a comparative description of the main materials used for the manufacture of personal armor protection. The change in the cost of various materials (primarily armored ceramics) with different surface density is given. The possibility and prospects of using such material as high-strength glass-ceramic (armor glass-ceramic) for armor protection are shown. The necessity of creating an armor glass ceramic with a qualitatively new level of properties was confirmed, using the latest achievements of modern technology for this: reinforcement of a glass-ceramic matrix, reactionary formation of phases, etc.

Pages119-123

Code UDC:621.315.223

Authors

Key words:

optical and optoelectronic means (ECO), ECO glare, light reflection index (PSV), cellular lens hoods

Annotation:

When using existing and projected ground-based optical and optoelectronic devices (ECO) for a wide functional purpose, it is necessary to minimize their glare. To quantify the glare of the ECO in light reflection, the concept of retroreflection index (PSV) is used. The high PSV of the ECO allows them to be easily detected in the conditions of optoelectronic warfare and reduces the efficiency of their work. The article is devoted to the methodology for calculating and evaluating the effectiveness of the use of cellular blends to reduce glare of commercially produced ECO. The use of cellular blenders dramatically reduces the width of the direction-finding characteristics of the devices, and also practically eliminates glare from light flashes outside their angular field of view. At the same time, the image quality of the device practically does not drop.

Pages124-130

Code UDC:535.31; 623.4.016; 623.4.021.2

Authors

Key words:

road bridge, superstructure, technical condition, express assessment, superheavy load, reliability, load capacity, load-bearing capacity

Annotation:

The article provides a comparative analysis of the existing systems for measuring the parameters of the stress-strain state of spans of bridge structures from the point of view of the efficiency of assessing their technical condition. Based on a comparative analysis of existing measurement systems, it was revealed that the measurement system for checking permanent bridges SI-PPM 15N1955 allows assessing the technical condition of road bridges quickly, but only by one limit state — deflection, not taking into account stresses and transverse forces arising in the bearing elements of spans. structures of bridge structures when passing loads on them. At the same time, SI-PPM 15N1955 allows assessing the technical condition only on reinforced concrete superstructures of the split system.

Pages131-137

Code UDC:624.21

Authors

Key words:

functional coating, defect, uniformity, quality, multilayering, orthotropy

Annotation:

Defects are stress concentrators and reduce the uniformity and strength of the coating. The influence of the multilayering and uniformity of the functional coating on its strength when detached from the substrate and when stretched is evaluated. When a multilayer functional coating is detached from the substrate, an increase in the number of single layers increases the strength of a single layer, while the probability of failure in strength increases due to an increase in the number of sequentially connected single layers. When stretching a multilayer functional coating, the probability of its failure in strength decreases due to parallel connected single layers. To ensure the high strength of a multilayer functional coating when detached from the substrate and when stretched, its formation from 3–7 single layers is rational. Taking into account orthotropy in the formation of a multilayer functional coating helps to improve its quality.

Pages138-144

Code UDC:620.19