Authors

Keywords:

doppler method, geolocation, positioning, relay satellite, radio source

Abstract:

The article provides an analytical substantiation of the content of computational procedures that implement the Doppler method for determining the location of radio emission sources, as applied to the problem of geolocation of satellite earth stations observed from the emissions of a moving satellite - repeater, under conditions of uncertainty in the nominal carrier frequency. The results of simulation modeling of the application of this method for the cases of relaying signals from earth stations by spacecraft in low circular and geostationary orbits confirm the possibility of its implementation and indicate its practical importance for solving a number of applied problems.

Pages  3-12

UDK:  621.396.96

Authors

Keywords:

management efficiency, digital doubles, performance indicator, situational awareness, Kolmogorov rule, performance requirements

Abstract:

The article considers the issue of evaluating the effectiveness of the use of «digital twins» in the management of complex organizational and technical systems, the answer to which allows us to propose a methodology for substantiating the general requirements for «digital twins». The tasks to be solved within the framework of this issue are the identification and justification of the indicator of the effectiveness of the use of the «digital double», the definition of appropriate criteria, as well as the development and use of a model for evaluating the effectiveness of its application. The model is based on the representation of the functioning of the organizational and technical system in the form of a graph of states, the transitions between which, in turn, are described by a system of differential equations compiled according to Kolmogorov's rule. Thanks to the solutions obtained for the presented tasks, a methodology has been developed that allows us to form a vector of requirements for «digital doubles».

Pages  13-18

UDK:  519.71

Authors

Keywords:

elements of а complex ballistic target, extrapolation of trajectories, parabolic theory, system of differential equations, normal artillery atmosphere, method Runge - Kutta

Abstract:

In modern ballistic missiles of medium and intercontinental range, the warhead is separated from the last stage of the ballistic missile at the end of the active section and flies along a given trajectory with further guidance of elements of a complex ballistic target at a given object. The analysis of the movement of elements of a complex ballistic target includes the calculation of the flight trajectory in the exoatmospheric section (outside the conditional boundary of the atmosphere) and the atmospheric entry section. To solve the problem of intercepting elements of a complex ballistic target by a certain point in time with a given accuracy, a method for extrapolating the trajectories of elements of a complex ballistic target in an airless space and taking into account air resistance is proposed. The systems of equations for the extra - atmospheric and atmospheric flight segment of the elements of a complex ballistic target in the normal earth coordinate system were obtained, and mathematical modeling was carried out confirming the operability of the proposed technique.

Pages  19-25

UDK:  621.396.969

Authors

Keywords:

analytical modeling, simulation modeling, software - defined network, softwaredefined infocommunication network for military purposes, discrete event simulator OMNeT++, Jupyter Notebook

Abstract:

The article is devoted to application adequacy substantiation of the proposed simulation model of a fragment of a data transmission software - defined infocommunication network for military - purpose (DT SDIN MP) by conducting experiments on its composite model - a model of a software - defined switch - and the comparison of the nature of the experimental dependence its observed parameters from the controlled and the same dependence, explicitly formulated theoretically, as well as the definition of the logical consistency of the results obtained. The discrete event simulator OMNeT++ was used as a simulation environment, the subsequent numerical processing of the results of experiments on the model and comparison with the known theoretical dependence was carried out using the high - level Python programming language operating in the Jupyter Notebook client - server interactive development environment.

Pages  26-35

UDK:  519.876.5; 654.024

Authors

Keywords:

critical information infrastructure, cyberspace, management system

Abstract:

The article analyzes the conditions of functioning of the subjects of the critical information infrastructure, a new scientific problem is formulated, the solution of which makes a significant contribution to the development of the country's security. The subjects of the critical information infrastructure carry out the implementation of critical processes, the violation of which poses a threat to the security of the Russian Federation. Many processes are more or less integrated into cyberspace and the degree of their integration is growing. Multiple heterogeneous management entities carry out their activities on the basis of statistical indicators of cyberspace, while the goals of individual users, including subjects of critical information infrastructure, are not taken into account when making management decisions. In this regard, the problem of managing the parameters of cyberspace in the interests of the subjects of the critical information infrastructure of the Russian Federation is being updated.

Pages  36-43

UDK:  004.7

Authors

Keywords:

object on communications, bridge crossing, protection of objects, security system, engineering and technical means, efficiency assessment

Abstract:

The article is devoted to the substantiation of the methodology for evaluating the effectiveness of a complex of engineering and technical means for protecting objects on communications. At the same time, typical objects on communications and the general procedure for creating a security system for these objects are considered. The main initial data and functions of the bridge crossing protection system, which is an important object in the communication, are identified. It is established that the effectiveness of the functioning of the security system will depend on the timely provision of a signal to the involved security forces about the facts of the intruder's penetration to the critical elements of the bridge crossing, as well as about the detention or defeat of this intruder. The proposed method allows evaluating the effectiveness of the complex of engineering and technical means of protecting the bridge as a whole, taking into account the conditions for the location of the object of protection both on the coastal site and in the water area.

Pages  44-50

UDK:  78.25

Authors

Keywords:

automated system, integrated protection system, security, evaluation, fuzzy parameters, quantitative measure

Abstract:

The article discusses the actual problem of improving the methods for assessing the protection of automated dual - purpose systems (DN ACS) due to the introduction of a logical and parametric approach of assessing the scoring measures to ensure security. The study of ensuring the protection of ACS of the DN in various conditions of the situation is devoted to a number of works, in which the relevance and significance of the development of modern models and methods for modeling the safety and construction of an effective system for the protection of complex systems operating in conditions of heterogeneous and multifactor threats are noted. As a result of the work, it was concluded that the logicalparametric approach makes it possible on the basis of the use of an opportunity to obtain a quantitative measure of the threat of incomplete and / or unreliable initial parameters of the effects.

Pages  51-57

UDK:  681.004.056

Authors

Keywords:

security alarm, the composition of the elements, functional - parametric circuit, classification of alarms, theoretical - multiple description, diagnostic algorithm, characteristics of the plume, perception of the input signal

Abstract:

The article discusses the analysis of the functional - parametric scheme of security alarm from the point of view of diagnostics. It is proposed an expanded classification of the security alarm of 24 signs with sub - signs in the amount of 2 to 8. Particularly significant features are: protection zones, the area of coverage of the object, the configuration of the detection zone, the scale of application, cost, etc. Proposed theoretic - multiple description of the elements of the security alarm in the form of general parameters and additional. A functional scheme of security alarms consisting of detectors - sensors, communication lines, receiving - control device and remote alarm (light and audible) is presented, the corresponding mathematical ratios and characteristics of the alarm train are presented. The method of diagnosing the security alarm in the form of an algorithm of 28 blocks using the equivalent of a plume, allowing for 3-4 procedures to determine the fault is proposed.

Pages  58-66

UDK:  621.39

Authors

Keywords:

information system, network intelligence, attack detection system, network parameters

Abstract:

Existing threats to information security of information systems due to the lack of prevention of the applied protection tools, analyzing the content of client requests to the server, as well as the peculiarities of the DHCP and the impact of malicious means. In this regard, the issue of compliance of information systems security with the established security requirements for critical information infrastructure remains open for the search for new technical solutions and the development of scientific and methodological apparatus. The proposed model makes it possible to assess information system security based on the results of network masking, to ensure the relevance of the frequency of change of network parameters by information system components, and to obtain its limiting values.

Pages  67-75

UDK:  007.738.5

Authors

Keywords:

striking element, penetration, penetration, soldier, human body areas, assessment of damage, analytical model, bulletproof vest, bulletproof helmet, personal armor protection equipment

Abstract:

The article considers the possibility of modeling the process of penetration of a wounding projectile into the human body. An original analytical model is proposed that allows evaluating the effectiveness of samples of personal protective equipment provided they protect various areas of the human body. This model is designed taking into account the thickness of bones and soft tissues, and divides the human body into head and neck, trunk and limbs. The adequacy of the model was evaluated based on known experimental data, as well as data obtained as a result of numerical modeling. An example of the defeat of a FGLR-30 grenade by a fragmentation grenade in the combat equipment of a soldier "Ratnik" is considered. In the future, the developed model may allow assessing the effectiveness of the damaging effect of fragmentation ammunition on the manpower contained in the means of individual armor protection.

Pages  76-84

UDK:  53.03: 53.043: 53.047

Authors

Keywords:

unmanned aerial vehicle, task force, identification mark, object recognition, act of terrorism, emergency services equipment, vehicle

Abstract:

In this article, the authors presented a solution to a separate technical issue that is promising in the implementation of some of the activities that fall within the competence of the Russian Emergencies Ministry and are related to the elimination of the consequences of terrorist acts. The solution to this issue is based on the use of unmanned aerial vehicles in the performance of rescue and other urgent work. These technical means are proposed to be used to collect information on the identification of special equipment of emergency services involved in the course of work in the terrorist attack zone. At the same time, the task of identifying this equipment when assessing the situation from an unmanned aerial vehicle can be solved by applying special signs of departmental (service) belonging to cars on their roofs, by analogy with the signs applied to the sides and doors of cars.

Pages  85-91

UDK:  614.83; 323.283; 629.7.02

Authors

Keywords:

unmanned aerial vehicle, active protection complex, air attack weapons, optoelectronic system

Abstract:

The article considers possible approaches to the creation of promising complexes of active protection of the aerial hemisphere from simultaneous multidirectional attacks of multiple small air attack weapons as an important element of an air defense system at the final stage attacks for a wide range of defended military and civil objects in peacetime and wartime conditions. General proposals are formulated for a universal type of active protection complex using stereoscopic optoelectronic systems for simultaneous observation of the entire air hemisphere in combination with radar and unified unguided grenades of lethal and non - lethal action, operatively launched on multiple air attack weapons throughout the air hemisphere from a guided multi - barrel launch container with increased ammunition and the possibility of placing several grenades in the launch barrel.

Pages  92-98

UDK:  623.746.519

Authors

Keywords:

low - flying small - sized targets, UAVs, engineering submunitions, defeat

Abstract:

The article examines the analysis and classification of the main types of disembodied aircraft (small - sized air targets) of NATO countries and their allies, the possibility of their combat use by the enemy, the tasks to be solved and the threats they pose to the defended objects during the conduct of hostilities or when committing terrorist attacks. The reasons for the low efficiency of the air defense system against targets of this type and the possibility of modern engineering munitions to use them to destroy low - flying small - sized unmanned aerial vehicles are considered and a mathematical apparatus is given to substantiate the requirements for promising engineering submunitions to combat air targets of this class.

Pages  99-108

UDK:  623.1/3

Authors

Keywords:

gabion, fortification protection system, outfit of means of destruction, fragmentation and high - explosive effect of conventional means of destruction

Abstract:

The article presents the results of research on the assessment of the security of mobile objects when exposed to conventional means of destruction, as applied to long - range cruise missiles, taking into account the peculiarities of the construction of their guidance system. An assessment of the parameters of the impact of this type of means of destruction on weakly protected mobile objects has been carried out. The analysis of the existing system of complex counteraction to the means of destruction is given. An analysis of the possibilities and recommendations for the fortification protection of mobile objects, due to the use of bulk - type GNT gabions, is presented. The contribution of the use of GNT - type gabions to the system of complex counteraction to conventional means of destruction is presented.

Pages  109-115

UDK:  623.1/3

Authors

Keywords:

technical and technological innovations, efficiency, weapons, military and special equipment, tactical and technical requirements

Abstract:

A large number of requirements for models of weapons, military and special equipment (AMSE), the presence of many promising technical and technological innovations do not allow a reasonable assessment of the military - technical effectiveness of their implementation at the development stage. The article presents a refined methodology and algorithm for assessing the effectiveness of technical innovations and advanced technological developments introduced into the design and production technology of AMSE, justifying their choice for implementation, taking into account the nature of the application of AMSE, modes and conditions for their application. The refined methodological approach can be used by interested research and development organizations, organizations of the military - industrial complex and other institutions in order to create a scientific and technical reserve, substantiate the prospects for the development of military and military equipment, and determine the most effective technical and technological innovations.

Pages  116-122

UDK:  623-9

Authors

Keywords:

fire control command vehicles, nomenclature redundancy, unification, artillery firing efficiency, economic efficiency

Abstract:

Based on the analysis of operational - tactical tasks assigned to artillery units, operating experience and quality control of the development of automated fire control systems, the expediency of reducing the range of command control vehicles is substantiated. The creation (modernization) of a single unified machine for automated artillery fire control is proposed. The necessity and possibility of implementing in practice a unified methodology for substantiating decisions in fire control, which takes into account not only the maximization of damage, but also costs, is substantiated. It is proposed to unify the algorithm of special software, in terms of the implementation in it of the possibility of choosing the best way to perform a fire mission, based on the criterion "efficiency - cost".

Pages  123-131

UDK:  623.41, 623.486

Authors

Keywords:

generator set, internal combustion engine, self - acting intake valve, physical and mathematical model

Abstract:

The article presents a theoretical justification for the efficiency of a self - acting intake valve within the framework of the developed physical and mathematical model of a piston internal combustion engine with self - acting intake valves. In the particle dynamics model, the self - acting intake valve is represented as an equivalent mechanical circuit. The model is supplemented with an equation describing the dynamics of a self - acting intake valve. To simulate the propagation of heat in gaseous media, the heat conduction equation is used, and the universal combustion model is based on grid finite - difference numerical methods. Based on the model, a computer program has been developed for a theoretical study of the efficiency of a self - acting intake valve with various design and technological parameters.

Pages  132-140

UDK:  623.1/7

Authors

Keywords:

suspension system, hydraulic shock absorber, mobility, negative temperatures, shock absorber fluid

Abstract:

The article presents an analysis of winter military exercises, which showed that negative ambient temperatures have a negative impact on the efficiency of military equipment operation. Studies show that due to the increase in viscosity of the shock absorber fluids used, the number of failures and premature failure of hydraulic shock absorbers increases. Moreover, the shock absorber fluids in the hydraulic shock absorbers of advanced tracked vehicles designed for use in particularly difficult natural and climatic conditions are selected without taking into account the conditions for using military equipment in conditions of negative temperatures. The article presents the results of experimental studies, as well as a technical solution for improving the performance of hydraulic shock absorbers of tracked vehicles operating in conditions of negative temperatures.

Pages  141-148

UDK:  629.3.015

Authors

Keywords:

diesel engine, operating cycle, indicator characteristics, start of compression, combustion chamber, charge air cooling, reliability, armored weapons

Abstract:

The article presents the results of a computational and theoretical study to assess the effect of the charge air temperature (the temperature of the beginning of compression) on indicator and other indicators characterizing the efficiency of the working cycle of a tank diesel engine of type B-92C2. As a result of the conducted research, the regularities of the influence of a decrease in the temperature of the beginning of compression on the indicators of working processes in the combustion chamber have been established. It was revealed that the decrease in the temperature of the beginning of compression practically does not affect the turbulence indicators at the compression stroke and has little effect at the stage of gorenje fuel. It is shown that a decrease in the compression gorenje gorenje below 350 K is impractical, because at the same time the instability of the fuel combustion цprocesses increases, the rate of heat release increases at the initial stage of combustion, which can negatively affect the dynamic loads of the engine.

Pages  149-155

UDK:  623.1/7

Authors

Keywords:

fire statistics, system malfunction, maintenance requirements, fire protection, smoke detectors, sprinkler system

Abstract:

The malfunction is the main problem of false triggering of the fire alarm system (FAS). Equipment malfunctions in the FAS are caused by both the low qualification of specialists involved in its installation and maintenance, as well as the wrong installation location and the lack of uniform service standards. The article analyzes the main causes and consequences of fires, provides statistics on the number of fires, dead and injured people, and identifies problems in the functioning of fire warning systems. Based on the results of the analysis of the data obtained, it became possible to predict the approximate number of fires. The data presented in this article made it possible to predict the number of fires in the Russian Federation in the future. The paper presents options for eliminating the causes of malfunction of the automatic fire alarm system.

Pages  156-161

UDK:  614.842.422